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1. Top results related to operating system notes

   • Operating System - Difference Between Distributed System and Parallel System

     A distributed system is a model where distributed applications are running on multiple computers linked by a communications network. Sometimes it is also called loosely coupled systems because in which each processor has its own local memory and processing units. LOCUS and MICROS are some examples of distributed operating systems.

     Parallel Systems are designed to speed up the execution of programs by dividing the programs into multiple fragments and processing these fragments at the same time. Flynn has classified computer systems into four types based on parallelism in the instructions and in the data streams. 

     • Single Instruction stream, single data stream
     • Single Instruction stream, multiple data stream
     • Multiple Instruction stream, single data stream
     • Multiple Instruction stream, multiple data stream

     Advantages of Distributed Systems:

     • Scalability: Distributed systems can be easily scaled by adding more computers to the network.

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   • Operating System - Difference Between Distributed System and Parallel System

     A distributed system is a model where distributed applications are running on multiple computers linked by a communications network. Sometimes it is also called loosely coupled systems because in which each processor has its own local memory and processing units. LOCUS and MICROS are some examples of distributed operating systems.

     Parallel Systems are designed to speed up the execution of programs by dividing the programs into multiple fragments and processing these fragments at the same time. Flynn has classified computer systems into four types based on parallelism in the instructions and in the data streams. 

     • Single Instruction stream, single data stream
     • Single Instruction stream, multiple data stream
     • Multiple Instruction stream, single data stream
     • Multiple Instruction stream, multiple data stream

     Advantages of Distributed Systems:

     • Scalability: Distributed systems can be easily scaled by adding more computers to the network.

     Check all answers on Geeksforgeeks

     2/5

   • Operating system file system block size?

     Top Answer

     Answered Nov 21, 2013 · 1 votes

     You can't have a big amount of different block sizes, that would be hell to implement and manage. I also think that some hardware limitations restrain what sizes you can use.

     Now the thing is, unless the amount of data you wish to store fits exactly in all the blocks you are using, then some space is going to be wasted in the last block.

     For example, if your block is one gygabyte long (hypothetically speaking), and you want to store a 1 or 2 bytes long file, you've just wasted nearly a gigabyte of disk space. All information is stored as blocks. You can't store half a block.

     Long blocks make for better performance, though, since the disk may spend more time fetching information from a block before proceeding to the next one. Also it's less blocks to track and manage.

     Linux is a fun operating system to play with because it can work with so many different file systems (as far as I remember you only get some variations of FAT and NTFS with Windows). You could read more about file system on this link:

     Linux System Administrators Guide: Chapter 5. Using Disks and Other Storage Media

     See section 5.10.5 for more info on advantages and disadvantages of small and big block sizes.

     So back to your question: having different block sizes like that allows you to optimize storage. You can minimize wasted space by switching to smaller blocks by the end of the file, while having as few blocks as possible to reduce I/O times.

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   • System Programs in Operating System

     System Programming can be defined as the act of building Systems Software using System Programming Languages. According to Computer Hierarchy, Hardware comes first then is Operating System, System Programs, and finally Application Programs. Program Development and Execution can be done conveniently in System Programs. Some of the System Programs are simply user interfaces, others are complex. It traditionally sits between the user interface and system calls.  In the context of an operating system, system programs are nothing but a special software which give us facility to manage and control the computer’s hardware and resources. As we have mentioned earlier these programs are more closely with the operating system so it executes the operation fast and helpful in performing essential opeartion which can’t...

     • File Management &#x2013 A file is a collection of specific information stored in the memory of a computer system. File management is defined as the process of manipulating files in the computer system, its management includes the process of creating, modifying and deleting files.
     • Command Line Interface(CLI’s) : CLIs is the essential tool for user . It provide user facility to write commands directly to the system for performing any operation . It is a text-based way to interact with operating system. CLIs can perform many tasks like file manipulation,system configuration and etc.
     • Device drivers :Device drivers work as a simple translator for OS and devices . Basically it act as an intermediatry between the OS and devices and provide facility to both OS and devices to understand each other’s language so that they can work together efficiently without interrupt.
     • Status Information &#x2013 Information like date, time amount of available memory, or disk space is asked by some users. Others providing detailed performance, logging, and debugging information which is more complex. All this information is formatted and displayed on output devices or printed. Terminal or other output devices or files or a window of GUI is used for showing the output of programs.
     • File Modification &#x2013 This is used for modifying the content of files. Files stored on disks or other storage devices, we use different types of editors. For searching contents of files or perform transformations of files we use special commands.
     • Programming-Language support &#x2013 For common programming languages, we use Compilers, Assemblers, Debuggers, and interpreters which are already provided to users. It provides all support to users. We can run any programming language. All important languages are provided.
     • Program Loading and Execution &#x2013 When the program is ready after Assembling and compilation, it must be loaded into memory for execution. A loader is part of an operating system that is responsible for loading programs and libraries. It is one of the essential stages for starting a program. Loaders, relocatable loaders, linkage editors, and Overlay loaders are provided by the system.
     • Communications &#x2013al connections among processes, users, and computer systems are provided by programs. Users can send messages to another user on their screen, User can send e-mail, browsing on web pages, remote login, the transformation of files from one user to another.

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2. People also ask

   What are the basic operating system concepts?

   • This Operating System tutorial will cover all the basic to advance operating system concepts like System Structure, CPU Scheduling, Deadlock, file and disk management, and many more. What happens when we turn on computer?

   Operating System Tutorial - GeeksforGeeks

   www.geeksforgeeks.org/operating-systems/

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   What is an operating system?

   • An operating system is a low-level Software that includes all the basic functions like processor management, memory management, Error detection, etc. This Operating System tutorial will cover all the basic to advance operating system concepts like System Structure, CPU Scheduling, Deadlock, file and disk management, and many more.

   Operating System Tutorial - GeeksforGeeks

   www.geeksforgeeks.org/operating-systems/

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   What are the components of an operating system?

   • The operating system correspondingly includes programs to manage these resources, such as a traffic controller, a scheduler, a memory management module, I/O programs, and a file system. The operating system has been evolving through the years. The following table shows the history of OS.

   Introduction of Operating System - Set 1 - GeeksforGeeks

   www.geeksforgeeks.org/introduction-of-operating-system-set-1/

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   What operating system does a computer use?

   • The three most common operating systems for personal computers are Microsoft Windows, macOS, and Linux. Modern operating systems use a graphical user interface, or GUI (pronounced gooey ). A GUI lets you use your mouse to click icons, buttons, and menus, and everything is clearly displayed on the screen using a combination of graphics and text.

   Computer Basics: Understanding Operating Systems - GCFGlobal.org

   edu.gcfglobal.org/en/computerbasics/understanding-operating-systems/1/

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3. www.geeksforgeeks.org › operating-systemsOperating System Tutorial - GeeksforGeeks

   www.geeksforgeeks.org › operating-systems

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   Jan 25, 2024 · Learn the basics and advanced concepts of operating systems, such as system structure, CPU scheduling, process synchronization, deadlock, memory management, file and disk management, and more. This tutorial covers various topics, algorithms, and examples of operating systems with C programming.

4. www.tutorialspoint.com › operating_systemOperating System Tutorial - Online Tutorials Library

   www.tutorialspoint.com › operating_system

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   This tutorial covers the basics of operating system (OS), a software that manages computer hardware and provides common services for programs. It explains the functions, history, examples and importance of OS, and provides resources for learning more.

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6. eng.libretexts.org › Courses › Delta_College1.1: Introduction to Operating Systems - Engineering LibreTexts

   eng.libretexts.org › Courses › Delta_College

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   Jan 15, 2021 · An operating system is a software that manages the computer hardware. The hardware must provide appropriate mechanisms to ensure the correct operation of the computer system and to prevent user programs from interfering with the proper operation of the system. Operating System – Definition:

7. www.scs.stanford.edu › 12au-cs140 › notesCS140 – Operating Systems - Stanford University

   www.scs.stanford.edu › 12au-cs140 › notes

   Learn about operating system concepts, design and implementation in this Stanford course. Find lecture slides, textbook, exams, projects, grading and more on the class web page.

   • File Size: 235KB

   • Page Count: 36

8. openosorg.github.io › openos › textbook1. Introduction — Introduction to Operating Systems

   openosorg.github.io › openos › textbook

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   Learn the purpose, structure, abstractions and tools of operating systems, with a focus on Unix/Linux. This is the first chapter of an open source textbook on operating systems, written by various authors.

9. edu.gcfglobal.org › en › computerbasicsComputer Basics: Understanding Operating Systems - GCFGlobal.org

   edu.gcfglobal.org › en › computerbasics

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   Learn what an operating system is and how it manages your computer's software and hardware. Compare the most common operating systems for desktop and mobile devices, such as Windows, macOS, Linux, iOS, and Android.