Hospicio Cabañas
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Within Mexico, Guadalajara is a center of business, arts and culture, technology and tourism; as well as the economic center of the Bajío region. It usually ranks among the 100 most productive and globally competitive cities in the world.
- Overview
- History
- The contemporary city
Guadalajara, city, capital of Jalisco estado (state), west-central Mexico. It lies roughly in the centre of the state, in the Atemajac Valley near the Río Grande de Santiago, at an elevation of about 5,100 feet (1,550 metres). Its climate is dry and mild except for the rainy season, which extends from July to mid-September. Pop. (2010) 1,495,182; m...
From its founding by the Spanish in 1531 until the 1540s, the city was relocated several times because of resistance from Indians, thousands of whom were captured by Guadalajara-based slave hunters during the early colonial period. The city was made the seat of a bishopric in 1549. It remained prominent throughout the 17th and 18th centuries, and in 1810 it was occupied briefly by Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, who initiated the independence movement and decreed the abolition of slavery in Mexico. Guadalajara has produced several Mexican political and cultural leaders, including the 19th-century Liberal politician Valentín Gómez Farías; Mariano Azuela, a prominent novelist of the Mexican Revolution (1910–20); and the political leader and writer Agustín Yáñez.
Guadalajara experienced substantial growth after the 1930s, and by the 1970s it was Mexico’s second largest city. Modern residential suburbs, linked by highways and wide boulevards, have attracted members of the upper and middle classes from the older parts of the city. Meanwhile, other neighbourhoods have persisted as impoverished suburbs or inner-city districts.
The cathedral, completed in 1618, is richly decorated. Many other churches dating from the colonial period are interspersed with modern industrial and commercial buildings. Cultural institutions of note include the Degollado Theatre, which is one of the largest and most ornate in Latin America; the State Museum of Jalisco (1918); and the Cabañas Hospice, a former 19th-century orphanage (now a museum) that was designated a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1997. Guadalajara was the home of the painter José Clemente Orozco (1883–1949), and various buildings around the city, including the Cabañas Hospice, house many of his finest frescoes. The governor’s palace, begun in 1743, is one of the finest examples of Spanish architecture in Mexico.
Guadalajara’s economy is traditionally based on its services as a political capital and as a commercial entrepôt for the surrounding agricultural region, which is devoted primarily to corn (maize), beans, and livestock. Since 1940 the city has also been a major manufacturer of textiles, electronics, chemicals, building materials, tobacco products, soft drinks, and other products. Handicrafts are also important. The city is home to the University of Guadalajara (1925), one of the largest institutions of higher education in Mexico, and the Autonomous University of Guadalajara (1935). The military schools of aviation (1915), air force specialists (1934), supply and maintenance (1942), and signals (1920) are in suburban Zapopan.
Guadalajara is served by an international airport. It is linked by railroad and highway with several cities, including the main western routes between Mexico City to the east-southeast and the southwestern United States border (at Nogales, Arizona) to the northwest. Lake Chapala, some 30 miles (50 km) south of the city, is Mexico’s most extensive lake, but it has been shrinking as its source waters have been increasingly diverted.
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66,495. PLAN YOUR TRIP Guadalajara. The inland city of Guadalajara is bursting with history and culture. Many attractions are in the city's historic center and in the neighboring city of Zapopan. Museums, parks and churches flourish alongside bullfights, rodeos and soccer (futbol).
Aug 1, 2022 · Learn what to expect, do and avoid in Guadalajara, Mexico's second-largest city and a vibrant cultural hub. Find out about its history, events, etiquette, food, transport and more from a local perspective.
- Try a torta ahogada. Mexican food differs substantially from one part of the country to another. For instance, some of the food that you will find in Jalisco cannot be found elsewhere, while Yucatecan food is something entirely unique.
- Tour a haunted graveyard. Panteón de Belén is a historic graveyard in the center of Guadalajara that is home to some notable residents. Touring a Mexican cemetery may seem a little macabre, but they are markedly different from western cemeteries and provide an interesting insight into Mexican traditions and perspectives on death.
- See the mariachi at Tlaquepaque. Guadalajara and the state of Jalisco are known for being the birthplace of two things: Tequila and mariachi. Mariachi is said to have originated in this region of western Mexico, and the city of Tlaquepaque in particular is credited for its success.
- Go for brunch in leafy Colonia Americana. The chic, leafy district of Colonia Americana is one of the hippest areas in Guadalajara. So hip in fact, that Time Out magazine nominated it as being the coolest neighborhood in the world in 2022.
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Things to Do in Guadalajara, Mexico - Guadalajara Attractions. Explore popular experiences. See what other travelers like to do, based on ratings and number of bookings. See All. Day Trips (114) Cultural Tours (97) Theme Parks (4) Full-day Tours (51) Private Sightseeing Tours (115) Flea & Street Markets (6) Archaeology Tours (23)
Discover Guadalajara, Mexico's second-largest city, with its rich cultural heritage, vibrant food scene and diverse attractions. Find out the best time to visit, the top things to do, the neighborhoods to explore and the day trips to take from this Lonely Planet web page.
