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With less than five feet of elevation in most areas, Kingman Reef remains one of the most pristine coral reef atoll ecosystems in the Pacific Ocean. Located 932 miles southwest of Hawaiʻi, the crystal clear waters and vibrant corals support a spectacular diversity of algae, fish, marine mammals, sea turtles, and migratory birds.
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Palmyra Atoll (/ p æ l ˈ m aɪ r ə /), also referred to as Palmyra Island, is one of the Northern Line Islands (southeast of Kingman Reef and north of Kiribati). It is located almost due south of the Hawaiian Islands, roughly one-third of the way between Hawaii and American Samoa.
Just about halfway between Hawai‘i and American Samoa lies Palmyra Atoll National Wildlife Refuge. Palmyra consists of a circular string of about 26 islets nestled among several lagoons and encircled by 15,000 acres of shallow turquoise reefs and deep blue submerged reefs.
Kingman Reef (/ ˈ k ɪ ŋ m ən /) is a largely submerged, uninhabited, triangle-shaped reef, geologically an atoll, 9.0 nmi (20 km) east-west and 4.5 nmi (8 km) north-south, in the North Pacific Ocean, roughly halfway between the Hawaiian Islands and American Samoa.
It encompasses seven islands and atolls: Baker, Howland, and Jarvis Island; Johnston, Wake, and Palmyra Atoll; and Kingman Reef. The Monument includes 165 known seamounts that are hotspots of species abundance and diversity.
Palmyra Atoll and Kingman Reef are home to some of the healthiest marine ecosystems in the world. They are reported to be among the most predator-dominated and biomass-rich reefs and atolls in the Central — and maybe the entire — Tropical Pacific Ocean.
People also ask
Who manages the Palmyra Atoll & Kingman Reef national wildlife refuges?
How many coral species are in Palmyra Atoll & Kingman Reef?
Is Kingman Reef a national monument?
Is Kingman Reef national wildlife refuge open to the public?
It is about 33 miles northwest of Palmyra Island and 925 miles south by west of Honolulu. It is a triangular, atoll-like reef and shoal about 9 ½ miles east and west by 5 miles north and south, of which all but the eastern end is now submerged.