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  1. This guide contains examples of common types of APA Style references. Section numbers indicate where to find the examples in the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (7th ed.).

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  2. 1. Basic Structure of APA Papers All papers in APA style will include these sections in the following order: 1. Cover or title page 2. Abstract (in journal articles this is sometimes followed by Keywords on the same page) 3. Body of the paper (often including Methods, Results, Discussion, and Conclusion; APA

  3. Jan 21, 2020 · APA References Page. Below are a list of some of the most commonly used citation categories and examples of what information should be included in that citation, as well as how the information should be arranged. When you need to cite a source, follow these steps: Decide to which category your source belongs.

    • Apa In-Text Citations
    • Apa References
    • Formatting The Apa Reference Page
    • Free Lecture Slides

    The basics

    In-text citations are brief references in the running text that direct readers to the reference entry at the end of the paper. You include them every time you quote or paraphrasesomeone else’s ideas or words. An APA in-text citation consists of the author’s last name and the year of publication (also known as the author-date system). If you’re citing a specific part of a source, you should also include a locator such as a page number or timestamp. For example: (Smith, 2020, p. 170).

    Parenthetical vs. narrative citation

    The in-text citation can take two forms: parenthetical and narrative. Both types are generated automatically when citing a source with Scribbr’s APA Citation Generator. 1. Parenthetical citation: According to new research … (Smith, 2020). 2. Narrative citation: Smith (2020)notes that …

    Multiple authors and corporate authors

    The in-text citation changes slightly when a source has multiple authors or an organization as an author. Pay attention to punctuation and the use of the ampersand (&) symbol.

    The basics

    APA references generally include information about the author, publication date, title, and source. Depending on the type of source, you may have to include extra information that helps your reader locate the source.

    Reference examples

    Citing a source starts with choosing the correct reference format. Use Scribbr’s Citation Example Generator to learn more about the format for the most common source types. Pay close attention to punctuation, capitalization, and italicization. Generate APA citations for free

    Missing information

    It is not uncommon for certain information to be unknown or missing, especially with sources found online. In these cases, the reference is slightly adjusted.

    The basics

    On the reference page, you list all the sources that you’ve cited throughout your paper. Place the page, right after the main body and before any appendices. On the first line of the page, write the section label “References” (in bold and centred). On the second line, start listing your references in alphabetical order. Apply these formatting guidelines to the APA reference page: 1. Double spacing (within and between references) 2. Hanging indent of ½ inch 3. Legible font (e.g. Times New Roma...

    Which sources to include

    On the reference page, you only include sources that you have cited in the text (with an in-text citation). You should not include references to personal communicationsthat your reader can’t access (e.g. emails, phone conversations or private online material).

    Are you a teacher or professor looking to introduce your students to APA Style? Download our free introductory lecture slides, available for Google Slides and Microsoft PowerPoint. Open Google SlidesDownload PowerPoint

  4. Aug 15, 2006 · Authors. All references cited in your paper must be listed alphabetically by the first author’s last name in the references list. If the author is unknown, alphabetize by the title. First names and middle names of authors are abbreviated to only the first and middle initials.

  5. Mar 4, 2024 · Quick Rules for an APA Reference List. Your research paper ends with a list of all the sources cited in the text of the paper. Here are nine quick rules for this Reference list. Start a new page for your Reference list. Centre the title, References, at the top of the page. Double-space the list.

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