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The historic counties of England are areas that were established for administration by the Normans, in many cases based on earlier kingdoms and shires created by the Angles, Saxons, Jutes, Celts and others.
England's counties can trace their origins back to the 5th century AD, a time when the country was divided into several Anglo-Saxon kingdoms. The Kingdom of Wessex was the first to organise itself into counties that we still recognise today, such as Surrey, Kent and Essex.
There are 92 historic counties in the UK: 39 in England, 6 in Northern Ireland, 34 in Scotland, and 13 in Wales. Their longevity have made the 92 historic counties an indelible part of the history, heritage, geography and culture of the nation.
The historic counties of the United Kingdom are ancient geographical divisions of the United Kingdom. Although not defined by any one function, over many centuries, various forms of administrative function have been based on them.
Historic Counties Descriptions. The counties are listed along with their Historic Counties Standard (HCS) Number and their HCS Code. The figures for area and population are taken from the Demography of the Historic Counties report.
The historic counties of England were mostly formed as shires or divisions of the earlier kingdoms which gradually united by the 10th century to become England. The counties were initially used primarily for the administration of justice, overseen by a sheriff.
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Significant places in the historic counties of Derbyshire, Herefordshire, Shropshire, Staffordshire, Worcestershire and Warwickshire during the Industrial Revolution. Industrialists, engineers, artists, thinkers and writers who contributed to the Industrial Enlightenment, technology, art, culture, religion and politics.
