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The earliest translation of the Hebrew Bible is the Old Greek (OG), the translation made in Alexandria, Egypt, for the use of the Greek-speaking Jewish community there. At first, just the Torah was translated, in the third century B.C.E.; the rest of the biblical books were translated later. The whole Hebrew Bible was likely translated into ...
- The Translation of Old and New Testaments
- Introduction to Bible Translations
- Samaritan Pentateuch – About 430 BC
- Septuagint Or LXX – About 240-150 BC
- Aquila’s Version – 130 Ad
- Symmachus’S Revision – 170 Ad
- Theodotion’S Revision – 180-190 Ad
- Origen’s Hexapla – Sometime After 200 Ad
- Masoretic Text – Between 100 and 1,000 Ad
- Vulgate (Latin Form) – 383-405 Ad
Old Testament – Hebrew and Aramaic
The Old Testament was written in Hebrew and Aramaic. The Hebrew form of the Bible was arranged in three sections – The Law (Torah), the Prophets (Neviim), and the Writings (Kethuvim). Ancient and complete copies of the Old Testament have been found. The oldest Old Testament copy is from about 900 AD, more than one thousand years old. There are many discrepancies in the various biblical translations but overall, Old Testament translations are believed to be extremely accurate. The scribes oper...
New Testament – Greek
The New Testamentwas written in Greek. Copies from shortly after Jesus’ life have been discovered. Like the Old Testament, the New Testament is believed to be accurate but comes with its own set of translation concerns.
In general, the Bible was written in Hebrew, Aramaic, and Greek. The Hebrew and Aramaic parts were translated into Greek, then later translated into Latin. These four forms, Hebrew, Aramaic, Greek, and Latin, became the basis for modern-day English translations Below is a brief history of biblical translations. It is important to note that this is ...
The Samaritan Pentateuch contains the five books of Moses. It was written in paleo-Hebrew script (a variant of the Phoenician alphabet). The origin of the Samaritan Pentateuch is not clear, but it is theorized that Samaritans took a copy of the Torah to Samariaand used it as the basis for their religion. They made changes and additions to the text ...
As Jews changed their language to Greek, the Old Testament was translated from Hebrew and Aramaic into Greek. The Septuaginttranslation was created at Alexandria, Egypt around 250-150 BC. Legend says seventy men from the twelve tribes of Israel came to Alexandria to translate the Bible (the name “Septuagint” means seventy). Their translation was kn...
Aquila’s version of the Bible was a translation of the Old Testament to Greek. It became the official Greek translation used by non-Christian Jews. Aquila’s version was a very literal translation. Greek words word used in the text but the use of Hebrew sentence structure made the translation difficult to read. However, because it was so literal, it...
Aquila’s version was very literal, placing great emphasis on the translation of individual words while keeping the sentence structure intact. Symmachus revision placed more emphasis on the meaning and structure of the original sentences. Scholars regard Symmachus’s revision as a highly accurate translation. About 250 years later, Jerome(see below) ...
Theodotion’s revision is believed to be a revision of either the Septuagint or Aquila’s version. It was much easier to read than Aquila’s version and thus, became a popular translation in its day.
Origen’s translation was an attempt to correct differences between the Septuagint, Aquila’s version, Symmachus’s revision, and Theodotion’s revision. Origen wanted to unify the old Greek translation and create an accurate-as-possible translation using original Hebrew manuscripts. To do this, he created a sort of parallel-bible with several columns ...
The creation of the Masoretic Textbegan around 100 AD but translation efforts solidified around 500 AD. The Masoretic Text is mostly written in Aramaic but parts are written in Hebrew. The Masoretic Text was copied by Masoretes from a presumably accurate master copy. It is considered the authoritative text of the Hebrew Scriptures. Its accuracy was...
The Vulgate, or Latin form of the Bible, was commissioned by the Bishop of Rome during a time when Latin was becoming the official language of the church. Latin translations existed but they had been translated from the Geek Septuagint instead of earlier Hebrew translations. Church leaders felt the bible should be translated to Latin from its origi...
Nov 10, 2023 · Hebrew is the original language in which the majority of the Old Testament's books, including the Torah (the first five books), historical writings, prophetic texts, and poetic literature. Hebrew is one of the oldest known languages, and its origins can be traced back to the second millennium BCE. It belongs to the Semitic language family ...
New-York Historical Society. May 14, 2019. in Behind the Scenes. The Fascinating Story of the First American Bible, a Native American Language Translation from 1663. A painting of John Eliot (Courtesy of the Roxbury Latin School) The first Bible to be printed in America was special for many reasons, but perhaps the most remarkable is this: It ...
Jun 1, 2012 · What was the original Bible language? The Bible was actually written in three different ancient languages: Hebrew, Aramaic, and Greek. While a modern version of each of these languages is spoken today, most modern readers of those languages would have some difficulty with the ancient versions used in the biblical texts.
Aug 12, 1985 · The Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of America, with its headquarters located in the City of New York, is an Eparchy of the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople, The mission of the Archdiocese is to proclaim the Gospel of Christ, to teach and spread the Orthodox Christian faith, to energize, cultivate, and guide the life of the Church in the United States of America according to the Orthodox ...
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May 23, 2016 · John Fea: When the American Bible Society was founded in 1816, it was focused on distributing the Bible to people in the United States. But in the 1830s the ABS Board of Managers decided that the Bible Cause might advance more effectively if they sent some of their own agents abroad. The ABS’s first overseas agency was opened in the Levant, a ...
