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This is a timeline of Scottish history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and political events in Scotland and its predecessor states. See also Timeline of prehistoric Scotland . To read about the background to many of these events, see History of Scotland.
Explore thousands of years of people and events that shaped Scotland's history with this interactive timeline. From the Stone Age to the Enlightenment, discover the key moments, figures and discoveries that changed Scotland and the world.
The recorded history of Scotland begins with the arrival of the Roman Empire in the 1st century, when the province of Britannia reached as far north as the Antonine Wall. North of this was Caledonia, inhabited by the Picti, whose uprisings forced Rome's legions back to Hadrian's Wall.
Explore the chronology of events and people that shaped Scotland's history from the first millennium to the present day. Click on any date band or event to see more details and links to related places, books and Great Scots.
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We’re always uncovering and learning fromhistorical written documents. Scotland’s recorded history began with the arrival of the Romans. Emperor Claudius invaded Britain in AD43 and soon ventured north. Despite the Romans’ best efforts to fortify the border with Hadrian’s Wall in AD122, and central Scotland with the Antonine Wall 20 years later, th...
The Early Historic period refers to the era when Scotland’s history first started to be recorded in writing. There are records, written mostly by monks, that tell us that Christianity reached the west of Scotland in AD563, when Columba arrived in Iona.
Around this time the Vikings arrived to trade and settle around Scotland, both on the west coast and in the north at places like Fair Isle. Early Historic Scotland was a melting pot of different groups – the Britons, the Picts, the Angles, the Gaels (Scots) and the Norse – and you can see this mixture reflected in place-names around the country, fr...
The medieval period saw the gradual expansion of the Scottish kingdom, as kings and queens came and went at a steady pace. The best known early Scottish king, Macbeth, was killed in battle in 1057, and the Kingdom of Alba became a feudal society by the 12th century. The reigns of William I (the Lion), Alexander II and Alexander III saw farming, tra...
Explore Scotland's fascinating history from the Paleolithic era to the Age of Enlightenment, with famous figures like Robert the Bruce and Mary, Queen of Scots. Learn about the battles, the unions, the inventions and the culture that shaped Scotland's story.
Scotland’s recorded history began with the arrival of the Roman Empire. Despite building two impressive fortifications – Hadrian’s Wall to defend the northern border, and the Antonine Wall across Central Scotland to advance it forward – the Romans never truly conquered Caledonia.
History of Scotland. Scottish History Timeline. History of Scotland Index; Scotland before 1st Millenium; First Millenium Scotland. Scotland before the Romans; Romans in Scotland; Coming of Christianity; Eleventh Century Scotland. King David in Scotland; Queen Margaret; Time of Macbeth; Twelth Century Scotland; Thirteenth Century Scotland ...
