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The Third Crusade (1189–1192) was an attempt led by three European monarchs of Western Christianity ( Philip II of France, Richard I of England and Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor) to reconquer the Holy Land following the capture of Jerusalem by the Ayyubid sultan Saladin in 1187. For this reason, the Third Crusade is also known as the Kings ...
Frederick Barbarossa depicted during the Third Crusade. On 15 April 1189 in Haguenau, Frederick formally and symbolically accepted the staff and scrip of a pilgrim and set out. His crusade was "the most meticulously planned and organized" up to that time.
At the same time, Gregory VIII sent a legation to the nearly 70-year-old Holy Roman emperor Frederick I (Frederick Barbarossa), who had participated in the Second Crusade. A supporter of antipopes in the 1160s and ’70s, Frederick had been excommunicated by Pope Alexander III , but the emperor had a rapprochement with the church in 1177, and ...
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
Jun 6, 2024 · Frederick I, duke of Swabia (as Frederick III, 1147–90) and German king and Holy Roman emperor (1152–90), who challenged papal authority and sought to establish German predominance in western Europe. He died while on the Third Crusade to the Holy Land. Learn more about Frederick’s life and reign.
Aug 27, 2018 · The Crusade was led by three European monarchs, hence its other name of 'the Kings' Crusade'. The three leaders were: Frederick I Barbarossa, King of Germany and Holy Roman Emperor (r. 1152-1190 CE), Philip II of France (r. 1180-1223 CE) and Richard I 'the Lionhearted' of England (r. 1189-1199 CE). Despite this pedigree, the campaign was a ...
- Mark Cartwright
Jun 17, 2024 · Crusades - Saladin, Richard I, Jerusalem: Philip II Augustus and Richard I (Richard the Lion-Heart) were the two kings who finally led the Third Crusade. Richard defeated and captured Isaac Comnenus, then proceeded to conquer Cyprus. The only pitched battle between the forces of Saladin and the Third Crusade occurred in 1191 at Arsuf. The Third Crusade had failed to retake Jerusalem, but in ...
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Jun 25, 2019 · April 20, 1190: Philip II Augustus of France arrives at Acre to participate in the Third Crusade. June 10, 1190: Wearing heavy armor, Frederick Barbarossa drowns in the Saleph River in Cilcia, after which the German forces of the Third Crusade fall apart and are devastated by Muslim attacks.
