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Ulster Irish was the main language spoken in most of Ulster from the earliest recorded times even before Ireland became a jurisdiction in the 1300s. Since the Plantation, Ulster Irish was steadily replaced by English and Ulster Scots, largely as a result of incoming settlers. The Eastern dialect died out in the 20th century, but the Western ...
Orthography, often considered the architecture of written language, refers to the set of conventions for writing a language, including norms of spelling, hyphenation, capitalization, word breaks, and punctuation. More than mere rules, orthography is the bridge between the abstract sounds of speech and their concrete representation in written form.
Three examples of such apostrophed words are 'k, 't, 'n. The last (the indefinite article) is the only apostrophed word that is common in modern written Afrikaans, since the other examples are shortened versions of other words ( ek and het , respectively) and are rarely found outside of a poetic context.
Celtic languages - Irish, Welsh, Gaelic: The history of Irish may be divided into four periods: that of the ogham inscriptions, probably ad 300–500; Old Irish, 600–900; Middle Irish, 900–1200; and Modern Irish, 1200 to the present. This division is necessarily arbitrary, and archaizing tendencies confuse the situation, especially during the period 1200–1600, when a highly standardized ...
Although Irish, Manx and Scottish Gaelic are closely related as Goidelic (a.k.a. Gaelic) Celtic languages, they are different in many ways. While most dialects are not immediately mutually comprehensible (although many individual words and phrases are), speakers of the three languages can rapidly develop mutual intelligibility. [citation needed]
A distinctive characteristic of Gaelic pronunciation (also present in Scots and Scottish English dialects (cf. girl [ɡɪɾəl] and film [fɪləm]) is the insertion of epenthetic vowels between certain adjacent consonants. This affects orthographic l n r when followed by orthographic b bh ch g gh m mh; and orthographic m followed by l r s ch.
Sep 27, 2019 · Languages have various levels of orthographic depth, which means that a language’s orthography can vary in a spectrum of a very irregular and difficult orthography (deep orthography) to a quite regular and simple one (shallow orthography). Linguistic map, created by R. Pereira. English, French, Danish, Swedish, Arabic, Urdu, Tibetan, Burmese ...
