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Not Indo-European
- Finnish is a member of the Finnic group of the Uralic family of languages; as such, it is one of the few European languages that is not Indo-European.
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Is Finnish an Indo-European language?
Is Finnish a Swedish language?
Is Finnish a Russian language?
Do Finnic languages have a relationship with Indo-European languages?
Finnish is a member of the Finnic group of the Uralic family of languages; as such, it is one of the few European languages that is not Indo-European. The Finnic group also includes Estonian and a few minority languages spoken around the Baltic Sea and in Russia's Republic of Karelia.
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- Finnish is gender neutral. Finnish does not have grammatical gender, like some European languages, so there’s no need to remember whether table is masculine or feminine, for example.
- There is no future tense in Finnish. The future tense does not exist in Finnish; you just use the present tense. This is a lot more practical than it might sound: if there’s any chance of confusion, you simply add words like varmaan (“probably”) or kohta (“soon”), huomenna (“tomorrow”) or kun lehmät lentävät (“when cows fly” – Finnish goes for cows over pigs in this case) to specify that the action is (or is not) happening in the future.
- East versus West. Finnish has several mutually intelligible dialects that are broadly divided into two groups: Western and Eastern. The dialects differ in vocabulary and intonation, but there are some differences in the grammar and morphology, too.
- Finnish is pronounced like it’s written. Finnish has very regular pronunciation; usually, there is almost 100% correspondence between letters and sounds.
Finnish is the only non-Indo-European language in the European Union, and is thus interesting precisely because of its uniqueness. Through Finnish, the European Union has a link to places as far afield as Siberia, for some speakers of Uralic languages related to Finnish are herdsmen in the tundra.
Since Finnish is not an Indo-European language, the BASIC VOCABULARY differs from Indo-European… …it was said that the inflection of Finnish words is easy in that the endings are often attached ‘mechanically’ to the stem. However, this is not always true.
A simple answer to both questions is no. Both Swedish (one of the two official languages of Finland) and Russian belong to the Indo-European group of languages, while Finnish is a Finno-Ugric language.
The Uralian family of languages is possibly related to Indo-European languages (such as English, German, Swedish, Latin, Russian, Hindi, etc), but the relationship is highly debatable. The arguments are based on a few similarities which might, according to other scholars, be based on language universals, loanwords, or pure coincidences.
