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    • Dredging and grading

      • By 1941 a naval air station had been built, the landing strip taking up almost the full length of Johnston Island. Over the years, the military enlarged both Johnston and Sand islands by dredging and grading, in addition to creating the two small artificial islands.
      www.britannica.com › place › Johnston-Atoll
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  2. Feb 26, 2024 · Johnston Island, located hundreds of kilometers from Hawaii, was the location of an American nuclear-armed anti-satellite program for approximately a decade. The island was small and offered no protection from weather or rocket launch accidents. The island is now abandoned. (credit: USAF)

  3. By 1941 a naval air station had been built, the landing strip taking up almost the full length of Johnston Island. Over the years, the military enlarged both Johnston and Sand islands by dredging and grading, in addition to creating the two small artificial islands.

    • The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
  4. By 1964, dredge and fill operations had increased the size of Johnston Island to 596 acres (241 ha) from its original 46 acres (19 ha), increased the size of Sand Island from 10 to 22 acres (4.0 to 8.9 ha), and added the two new islands, North and East, of 25 and 18 acres (10.1 and 7.3 ha) respectively.

  5. Feb 6, 2016 · Johnston was only 30 miles away now; a rectangular island totally covered by a 9,000-foot runway, hangars and a clutch of suspicious Quonset huts cluttering its surface. Johnston was the worst-kept secret in the Pacific.

  6. Apr 11, 2019 · The military enlarged the sand and Johnston islands by grading and dredging. They even built two artificial islands. The atoll was transferred to the American Air force in 1948 and became linked with nuclear weapon testing until 1962.

    • Geoffrey Migiro
  7. Combined, these processes generate a chain of volcanoes with progressive coral reef (near surface) and iron-manganese (submarine) cover, an as these volcanoes age along the chain they eventually disappear under water. In the central Pacific Ocean, one of such chains of volcanoes is the Line Islands, which includes Johnston Atoll.

  8. May 20, 2020 · Some 750 miles from Hawaii, tiny Johnston Atoll was developed into an airbase and seaplane base during the Second World War. After the war, the developed facilities on a remote base put Johnston at the center of Cold War programs from nuclear tests to spy satellites to storing leftover chemical weapons. The History Guy recalls the forgotten ...

    • 17 min
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