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How many people speak Yukaghir?
Did Yukaghir people know a language?
Are the Yukaghir languages related to other languages?
Are Yukaghirs monolingual?
At the 2002 Russian census, both Yukaghir languages taken together had 604 speakers. More recent reports from the field reveal that this number is far too high: Southern Yukaghir had maximum 60 fluent speakers in 2009, while the Tundra Yukaghir language had around 60–70.
No speakers are monolingual, since all speak Russian and most speak Yakut. The first language for all Yukaghir under 60 is Russian, although many still have Kolyma Yukaghir as a mother tongue, and the average age for fluent, first-language speakers is 63 or more.
The Yukaghir are one of the oldest peoples in North-Eastern Asia. Originally they lived over a huge territory from Lake Baikal to the Arctic Ocean. By the time of the first encounter with Russians, Yukaghir were divided into twelve tribes with around 9,000 people. The Yukagir ethnonym is Odul or Vadul, which means “mighty”.
In 2010 there were just 10 speakers of Southern Yukaghir, all of whom were over 40 years old. Younger people speak Russian. Southern Yukaghir is also known as Forest Yukaghir, Kolyma Yukaghir, Jukagir, Kolym, Kolyma, Odul or Yukagi.
Oct 9, 2014 · The two Yukaghir languages have 90 and 30 speakers, respectively. The link between Yukaghir and Uralic languages– sometimes referred to jointly as Uralic-Yukaghir macro family – is tentative; as a result, many linguists prefer treating Yukaghir languages as a separate language family (for example, the Ethnologue, which generally takes a ...
There are at least two mutually unintelligible dialects: Upper Kolyma Yukaghir and Tundra Yukaghir. In the vocabulary are loanwords from Yakut, Even, and Russian. According to the Soviet census of 1970, the Yukaghir language was spoken by 288 people.
According to unofficial estimates, in the late 1980s there were about 150 competent speakers of Tundra Yukaghir and about 50 speakers of Kolyma Yukaghir. The average age of fluent speakers for whom Yukaghir is their first language is 64 for Kolyma Yukaghir and 60 for Tundra Yukaghir.
