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Rebellion
- Josef von Werklein, however, who became secretary of state in Parma after Neipperg’s death (1829), pursued a more reactionary policy, and in 1831 a rebellion in Parma forced the duchess to take refuge with the Austrian garrison in Piacenza.
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Marie Louise did not know what to do and wanted to leave the city, but was prevented from doing so by the protesters, who saw her as someone who would listen to their demands. She managed to leave Parma between 14 and 15 February, and the rebels formed a provisional government, led by Count Filippo Luigi Linati. [89]
Mar 25, 2024 · In 1832 Marie-Louise visited the dying duke von Reichstadt in Vienna. In February 1834 she contracted a second morganatic marriage, with Charles René, comte de Bombelles (1784–1856). She died in Parma and was buried in the Capuchin church in Vienna.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
The Congress of Vienna recognized Marie-Louise as ruler of Parma, Piacenza, and Guastalla, but prevented her from bringing her son to Italy. It also made her Duchess of Parma for her life only, as the Allies did not want a descendant of Napoleon to have a hereditary claim over Parma.
In 1831 Marie Louise was forced to leave her duchy in the face of unrest, to which military action by Austrian troops soon put an end. After her return she ruled benevolently, overseeing the reorganisation of the administration and public welfare system and becoming much-loved by the common people.
In 1831, there was a rebellion in which Marie Louise had to flee Parma before being reinstated by Austrian troops. In 1832, the Duke of Reichstadt died of tuberculosis at the age of 21. Marie Louise returned to Vienna to be at his side during his final month of life.
Jan 2, 2017 · There, Marie-Louise was met by Caroline, Queen of Naples and the Maréchal Lannes‘ widow, the Duchess of Montebello. 20 March, 1810 : Napoleon left Paris for Compiègne. 27 March, 1810 : impatient, Napoleon met the party at Compiègne and spent the night with his new bride.
Marie-Louise died on 17 December, 1847, and is buried in Vienna, in the Kapuzinergruft, along with other Habsburg family members. As per the Treaty of Paris ruling, the duchy of Parma returned to the House of Bourbon-Parma, to be ruled by Charles II.
