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Robert I (Italian: Roberto Carlo Luigi Maria) (French: Robert Charles Louis Marie) ; 9 July 1848 – 16 November 1907) was the last sovereign Duke of Parma and Piacenza from 1854 until 1859, when the duchy was annexed to Sardinia-Piedmont during the Risorgimento.
The last duke, Robert I, was driven from power in a revolution following France and Sardinia 's victory over Austria. Its territory was merged into Sardinia in 1860. The position is currently claimed by a member of the House of Bourbon-Parma.
Robert I (Italian: Roberto Carlo Luigi Maria) (French: Robert Charles Louis Marie) ; 9 July 1848 – 16 November 1907) was the last sovereign Duke of Parma and Piacenza from 1854 until 1859, when the duchy was annexed to Sardinia-Piedmont during the Risorgimento.
Robert I (Italian: Roberto Carlo Luigi Maria; 9 July 1848 - 16 November 1907) was the last sovereign Duke of Parma and Piacenza from 1854 until 1859, when the duchy was annexed to Sardinia-Piedmont during the Risorgimento.
Oct 18, 2021 · Roberto, Duke of Parma; Credit – Wikipedia. Roberto I was the last Duke of Parma. As a not-quite-six-year-old, he succeeded his father who was assassinated, and then lost his throne five years later due to the Italian unification movement.
Apr 22, 2008 · Robert I (Italian: Roberto I Carlo Luigi Maria di Borbone, Duca di Parma e Piacenza; July 9, 1848 – November 16, 1907) was the last sovereign Duke of Parma and Piacenza from 1854 until 1859, until the duchy was annexed to Italy.
Robert I was the last sovereign Duke of Parma and Piacenza from 1854 to 1859, when the duchy was annexed to Sardinia-Piedmont during the unification of Italy.
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