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1193 was a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar. It marked the death of Saladin, the division of his empire, the marriage of Philip II and Ingeborg, and the sack of Nalanda by Ghurids.
Find out what happened in 1193, such as the marriage and annulment of Philip II of France, the death of Saladin, and the birth of Richard the Lionheart. Browse the calendar of major events, world leaders, and famous birthdays and deaths in 1193.
Find out what happened in 1193, from marriages and annulments to popes and kings. Browse the calendar of historical events by date or keyword and learn more about the year 1193.
Salah ad-Din Yusuf ibn Ayyub [a] ( c. 1137 – 4 March 1193), commonly known as Saladin, [b] was the founder of the Ayyubid dynasty. Hailing from a Kurdish family, he was the first sultan of both Egypt and Syria. An important figure of the Third Crusade, he spearheaded the Muslim military effort against the Crusader states in the Levant.
- Early Career
- Unifying The Muslim World
- Battle of Hattin & Jerusalem
- The Third Crusade
- Criticism of Saladin's Strategy
- Death & Legacy
Saladin, whose full name was al-Malik al-Nasir Salah al-Dunya wa'l-Din Abu'l Muzaffar Yusuf Ibn Ayyub Ibn Shadi al-Kurdi, the son of Ayub, a displaced Kurdish mercenary, was born in 1137 in the castle of Takrit north of Baghdad. Saladin would rise through the ranks of the military where he gained a reputation as a skilled horseman and a gifted polo...
Saladin, now the Sultan of Egypt, repeated the feat of Nur ad-Din in Syria when he captured Damascus in 1174. Saladin claimed to be the protector of Sunni Orthodoxy and his removal of the Shiite caliph in Cairo and organisation of his state according to strict Islamic law gave this claim serious weight. Saladin then set about unifying the Muslim wo...
The battle of Hattin began on 3 July 1187 when Saladin's mounted archers continuously attacked and retreated, providing a continuous harassment of the marching Franks. As one Muslim historian put it: 'the arrows plunged into them transforming their lions into hedgehogs' (quoted in Phillips, 162). The next day, a more substantial engagement ensued. ...
Saladin had long cultivated the idea of a holy war against the Christian armies of the west and he would have to wage it now that he had captured Jerusalem. Pope Gregory III (r. 1187) called for a Third Crusade to recapture Jerusalem and Europe's three most powerful kings responded: Frederick I Barbarossa, King of Germany and Holy Roman Emperor (r....
Saladin was frequently criticised by rival Muslim leaders for being too cautious when direct attacks on Tyre would have denied the Crusaders a crucial beach-head, and similarly, for not engaging Guy's army before he even reached Acre or the Crusader army on its arrival at the siege. All of these moves might have proved decisive. This was, though, t...
Saladin was unable to profit from the Crusader's departure because he died soon after in Damascus on 4 March 1193. He was only 55 or 56 years old and most likely died from the sheer physical toll of decades spent on campaign. The fragile and often volatile Muslim coalition quickly disintegrated once their great leader had died, three of Saladin's s...
- Mark Cartwright
1193 was a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar, the 1193rd year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations. It was marked by the death of Saladin, the capture of Delhi by Qutb-ud-Din, and the marriage of Philip II of France and Ingeborg.
Aug 27, 2018 · Latin Surrender to Saladin, 1187 CE. Said Tahsine (Public Domain) The Third Crusade (1189-1192 CE) was launched to retake Jerusalem after its fall to the Muslim leader Saladin in 1187 CE. The Crusade was led by three European monarchs, hence its other name of 'the Kings' Crusade'. The three leaders were: Frederick I Barbarossa, King of Germany ...
