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A comprehensive biography of the 32nd president of the United States, who served from 1933 to 1945 and led the country through the Great Depression and World War II. Learn about his early life, political career, achievements, challenges, and legacy.
Jul 17, 2024 · Franklin Delano Roosevelt was the 32nd American president. FDR, as he was often called, led the United States through the Great Depression and World War II, and greatly expanding the powers...
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Learn about the life and achievements of Franklin D. Roosevelt, the 32nd President of the United States who led the country through the Great Depression and World War II. Explore his New Deal programs, his foreign policy, his disability, and his legacy.
- Overview
- Rise in Politics
- The Great Depression and the New Deal
- The Second New Deal
- Early Foreign Policy Achievements
- World War II Leadership
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Roosevelt attended Harvard University and then went on to Columbia University Law School. Afterward he practiced law with a leading New York City law firm. His wife, Eleanor Roosevelt, was a lifelong advocate of human rights and liberal causes, and she particularly helped open her husband’s eyes to the deplorable state of the poor in New York’s slu...
The Great Depression began in 1929, and by the time of the 1932 presidential election the U.S. economy was in deep crisis. As the Democratic nominee for president, Roosevelt stated, “I pledge you, I pledge myself, to a new deal for the American people.” Running against Republican incumbent Herbert Hoover, Roosevelt campaigned on a “new deal” for economic recovery. Unhappy with Hoover’s unsuccessful policies, American voters overwhelmingly elected Roosevelt.
By the time of Roosevelt’s inauguration on March 4, 1933, most banks had shut down, industrial production had sharply decreased, farmers were struggling, and at least 13 million workers were unemployed. Roosevelt addressed the nation, declaring that “the only thing we have to fear is fear itself.” Taking immediate action, he launched “The Hundred Days”—the first phase of the New Deal. He ordered all banks closed until Congress could pass legislation allowing banks in sound condition to reopen. On March 12 he delivered the first of his radio “fireside chats.” Roosevelt’s radio addresses helped raise the country’s morale during the Great Depression. The Hundred Days established several federal aid programs, including the National Recovery Administration. Roosevelt greatly expanded the powers of the federal government, creating government regulatory agencies, such as the Securities and Exchange Commission and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation.
The initial New Deal programs provided some relief, but because the country still had not recovered from the economic crisis, Roosevelt worked with Congress to pass additional New Deal legislation—the “Second New Deal”—in 1935. The key measures of the Second New Deal were the Social Security Act, the Works Progress Administration (WPA), and the Wag...
Early on in his presidency Roosevelt initiated the Good Neighbor Policy to improve dealings with Latin America, and he supported mutual agreements to lower trade barriers between the United States and other countries. When World War II broke out in Europe in 1939, foreign policy began to overshadow domestic policy. Congress was dominated by isolati...
On December 7, 1941, Japan bombed the U.S. naval base at Pearl Harbor in Hawaii. Speaking before Congress the following day, Roosevelt declared December 7 “a date which will live in infamy” and asked Congress to declare war on Japan. Congress quickly voted to do. The attack unified the American public and swept away any earlier support for neutrality. A few days later Germany and Italy declared war on the United States. With U.S. entry into World War II, Roosevelt mobilized industry for military production and formed an alliance with Britain and the Soviet Union. He met with British Prime Minister Winston Churchill and Soviet Premier Joseph Stalin to form war policy at Tehrān, Iran (1943), and Yalta (1945). During the war the major Allied powers agreed to establish a new global organization to help manage international affairs. This agreement was first articulated when Roosevelt and Churchill signed the Atlantic Charter in August 1941. The proposed organization was eventually realized in the form of the United Nations. Despite declining health Roosevelt won reelection for a fourth term against Thomas Dewey (1944), but he served only briefly before his death on April 12, 1945.
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Learn about the life and legacy of Franklin D. Roosevelt, the 32nd president of the United States who led the country through the Great Depression and World War II. Explore his New Deal programs, his foreign policy, and his role in creating the United Nations.
Learn about the life and achievements of Franklin D. Roosevelt, the only American president to serve more than two terms and lead the nation through the Great Depression and World War II. Explore his early years, political career, New Deal programs, and foreign policy.
Learn about the life and achievements of Franklin D. Roosevelt, the 32nd president of the United States, who led the country through the Great Depression and World War II. Explore his political career, his New Deal programs, his fireside chats, and his death in office.
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Dates In Office: March 04, 1933 to April 12, 1945. Age in Office: 51. Birth - Death: January 30, 1882 to April 12, 1945. Party: Democratic. Location Born: New York. Office: Governor of New York. Religion: Episcopalian. More Resources. FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT EVENT TIMELINE. FIRST LADY ELEANOR ROOSEVELT. ROOSEVELT PRESIDENTIAL SITES AND ORGANIZATIONS:
