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Irish orthography is the set of conventions used to write Irish. A spelling reform in the mid-20th century led to An Caighdeán Oifigiúil, the modern standard written form used by the Government of Ireland, which regulates both spelling and grammar.
Irish Orthography (Litriú na Gaeilge) The orthography of Irish is at first a bit confusing. In addition, the pronunciation and written Irish are not identical, especially the pronunciation varies from dialect to dialect. Although, the order in which letters appear is not random, but follows specific rules. One can just as well develop a ...
- 1. The Representation of Consonants
- Caitr ́ıona bu ́ıdeach
- 2. The Surface Realization Of Palatalized Vs. Nonpalatalized Consonants
- 4. The Surface Realization of Lenited Consonants
- 5. The Representation of Vowels
Irish consonants occur in pairs of palatalized (slender) vs. nonpalatalized (broad). The only exception to this generalization is /h/, which has no palatalized counterpart. In the orthography, both palatalized and nonpalatalized consonants are represented via the consonant symbols shown below: iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii Bilabia...
/k∂t’r’i:n∂/ /bi:d’ax/ and o are diacritic and e are diacritic
Palatalized consonants are pronounced in the way one might expect, except that palatalized s is [∫] and palatalized bh/mh is /v’/. In general, palatalization is more audible before back vowels. Nonpalatalized consonants also display secondary features of articulation. Nonpalatalized labials are labialized before a front vowel. Nonpalatalized dental...
Though the list above gives the basic pronunciation of lenited consonants, there are a few curiosities worth noting. Before the liquids r and l, the lenited forms bh and mh are realized as the voiced bilabial fricative /β/. Similarly, before r and l, dh and gh are realized as a voiced palatal fricative (which can be characterized impressionisticall...
The vowel inventory contains five long vowels, the corresponding five short vowels, plus schwa (/∂/). There are also two diphtongs and a triphthong. In the orthography, vowel length is marked by the acute accent. The chart below gives a rough summary of how vowels other than /∂/ are represented: iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii c c Short c Fro...
Irish (Standard Irish: Gaeilge), also known as Irish Gaelic or simply Gaelic (/ ˈ ɡ eɪ l ɪ k / GAY-lik), is a Goidelic language of the Insular Celtic branch of the Celtic language group, which is a part of the Indo-European language family.
This article presents an analysis of Irish orthography, based on the most frequent words in a corpus of children’s literature in Irish. We identify both basic orthographic rules and a few phonological rules that systematically alter pronunciations from those expected based on the orthographic norms.
The Official Standard (An Caighdeán Oifigiúil) During the 1950s and 1960s a standardised form of Irish, known the An Caighdeán Oifigiúil (The Official Standard) was developed. It combines elements from the three major dialects and its pronunciation is based on the Connacht dialect. This is the form of the language taught in most schools.
Mar 1, 2011 · Elaine Uí Dhonnchadha. PDF | Irish has significant State support, but lacks a research base to support the teaching of Irish reading. Current approaches to teaching Irish... | Find, read and...
