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1789
- The first topographic map series of an entire country is known as the Carte géométrique de la France (1789). Topographic surveys were then used for military and infrastructure-building applications. In the 1980s, databases began to replace printed topo maps.
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What is the history of the topographic branch?
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The U.S. Geological Survey celebrated the 125th anniversary of its national program for topographic mapping (1884–2009). Topographic maps became a signature product of the USGS because the public found them—then and now—to be a versatile tool for viewing our Nation's vast landscape.
- History of the Topographic Branch (Division)
This “History of the Topographic Branch” is being published...
- Topographic Mapping | U.S. Geological Survey - USGS.gov
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) produced its first...
- Circular 1341: History of the Topographic Branch (Division)
The most important were those carried on by the U.S. Coast...
- History of the Topographic Branch (Division)
Mar 1, 2019 · Gradually, methods of survey developed to incorporate photogrammetry and cartographic production improved with colour lithographic printing to enable topographic maps to be regarded as the ‘supreme achievement of the modern age of cartography’ (Jervis, 1936: 171).
- Alexander J. Kent, Anja Hopfstock
- 2018
Raw survey data. Topographic survey information is historically based upon the notes of surveyors. They may derive naming and cultural information from other local sources (for example, boundary delineation may be derived from local cadastral mapping). While of historical interest, these field notes inherently include errors and contradictions ...
Brief History of Topographic Mapping. By National Geospatial Program August 2022 (approx.) Original Thumbnail Medium. Detailed Description. From the 1880s until the advent of computers and geographic information system (GIS) software, topographic maps served as the essential instrument for the integration and analysis of place-based information.
