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  1. The siege of Pskov, known as the Pskov Defense in Russia (Russian: оборона Пскова), took place between August 1581 and February 1582, when the army of the Polish king and Grand Duke of Lithuania Stephen Báthory laid an unsuccessful siege and successful blockade of the city of Pskov during the final stage of the Livonian War of ...

    • August 18, 1581 – February 4, 1582
  2. Polish King Sigismund declared war on Russia in response in 1609, aiming to gain territorial concessions and weaken Sweden's ally, winning many early victories such as the Battle of Klushino. In 1610, Polish forces entered Moscow and Sweden withdrew from the military alliance with Russia, instead triggering the Ingrian War .

    • 1605-1618
    • See Aftermath
  3. The siege of Pskov, known as the Pskov Defense in Russia , took place between August 1581 and February 1582, when the army of the Polish king and Grand Duke of Lithuania Stephen Báthory laid an unsuccessful siege and successful blockade of the city of Pskov during the final stage of the Livonian War of 1558–1583.

    • Legendary
    • Pretenders to The Polish Throne
    • See Also
    • Bibliography
    • External Links

    Most of the legendary Polish rulers appear for the first time in chronicles from the 13th century and their existence has not been determined.

    Modern

    1. Alexander, Margrave of Meissen(2012–), disputed 2. Rüdiger, Margrave of Meissen(2012–2022), disputed 3. Daniel, Margrave of Meissen (2022–), disputed.Son of Rüdiger

    Not recognized royal elections

    1. Maxmilian II Habsburg (1575–1576), See: 1576 Free election 2. Maxmilian III Habsburg (1587–1589), See: 1587 Free election 3. François Louis de Bourbon (1697), See: 1697 Free election

    Duczmal M., Jagiellonowie. Leksykon biograficzny, Kraków 1996.
    Dybkowska A., Żaryn J., Żaryn M., Polskie dzieje. Od czasów najdawniejszych po współczesność, wyd. 2, Warszawa 1995. ISBN 83-01-11870-9
    Gierowski J.A., Rzeczpospolita w dobie złotej wolności (1648–1763), Kraków 2001. ISBN 83-85719-56-3
    Grodziski S., Polska w czasach przełomu (1764–1815), Kraków 2001. ISBN 83-85719-45-8

    Górczyk, Wojciech. "Półksiężyc, orzeł, lew i smok. Uwagi o godłach napieczętnych Piastów" (in Polish). Histmag.org. June 14, 2009.

    • c. 960 (First Christian Duke)
  4. RUSSO-POLISH WARS. From the 1480s to 1667 Muscovy fought a series of devastating wars along its western frontier, first with the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and then with the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.

  5. King Stephen Báthory then ordered a passive siege, and the battle became a blockade. On December 1 the king left the siege together with most of the Lithuanian army, volunteers and German, Hungarian, Romanian and Bohemian mercenaries. Command of the remaining forces was given to Jan Zamojski.

  6. www.jstor.org › stable › 45049733'To Remember Pskov'

    ALEXANDER FILYUSHKIN. 'To Remember Pskov' How the Medieval Republic was Stamped on the National Memory. abstract: Medievalism, defined as the use of medieval history to describe and interpret. present, has been seen in Western Europe primarily as a phenomenon of culture, history and commerce.

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