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Catherine of Bohemia (Czech: Kateřina Lucemburská, German: Katharina von Böhmen; 19 August 1342 – 26 April 1395) also known as Catherine of Luxembourg was Electress of Brandenburg, the second daughter of Holy Roman Emperor Charles IV [1] and Blanche of Valois.
Anna of Bohemia and Hungary (23 July 1503 – 27 January 1547), [1] sometimes known as Anna Jagellonica, was Queen of Germany, Bohemia, and Hungary and Archduchess of Austria as the wife of King Ferdinand I (later Holy Roman Emperor).
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Birth and childhood
Charles was born to John of Bohemia of the Luxembourg dynasty and Queen Elizabeth of Bohemia of the Bohemian Přemyslid dynasty in Prague. His maternal grandfather was the Bohemian King Wenceslaus II. He chose the name Charles at his confirmation in honor of his uncle, King Charles IV of France, at whose court he was resident for seven years. Charles received French education and was literate and fluent in five languages: Latin, Czech, German, French, and Italian.
Italy and Moravia
In 1331, he gained some experience of warfare in Italy with his father. At the beginning of 1333, Charles went to Lucca (Tuscany) to consolidate his rule there. In an effort to defend the city, Charles founded the nearby fortress and the town of Montecarlo(Charles' Mountain). From 1333, he administered the lands of the Bohemian Crown due to his father's frequent absence and deteriorating eyesight. In 1334, Charles was named Margrave of Moravia, the traditional title for heirs to the throne. T...
King of the Romans
On 11 July 1346, in consequence of an alliance between his father and Pope Clement VI, relentless enemy of the emperor Louis IV, Charles was elected as Roman king in opposition to Louis by some of the prince-electors at Rhens. As he had previously promised to be subservient to Clement, he made extensive concessions to the pope in 1347. Confirming the papacy in the possession of vast territories, he promised to annul the acts of Louis against Clement, to take no part in Italian affairs, and to...
Evaluation
The reign of Charles IV was characterized by a transformation in the nature of the Empire and is remembered as the Golden Age of Bohemia. He promulgated the Golden Bull of 1356whereby the succession to the imperial title was laid down, which held for the next four centuries. He also organized the states of the empire into peace-keeping confederations. In these, the Imperial cities figured prominently. The Swabian Landfriede confederation of 1370 was made up almost entirely of Imperial Cities....
Patronage of culture and the arts
Prague became the capital of the Holy Roman Empire during the reign of Charles IV. The name of the royal founder and patron remains on many monuments and institutions, for example Charles University, Charles Bridge, Charles Square. High Gothic Prague Castle and part of the cathedral of Saint Vitus by Peter Parler were also built under his patronage. Finally, the first flowering of manuscript painting in Prague dates from Charles's reign. In the present Czech Republic, he is still regarded as...
Castles
Castles built or established by Charles IV: 1. Karlštejn, 1348–1355 in Central Bohemian Region for safekeeping the Imperial Regalia, especially the Imperial Crown of the Holy Roman Empire (later the Czech Crown Jewelswere also kept there) 2. Kašperk (Karlsberg), 1356 in Kašperské Hory in Plzeň Region 3. Lauf (Wenzelsburg) – built on the way connecting Prague and Nuremberg in Bohemian Palatinate, inside survived 112 coats of arms of the Bohemian Kingdom 4. Montecarloin Italy 5. Radyně(Karlskro...
Marriages and children
Charles was married four times. His first wife was Blanche of Valois (1316–1348), daughter of Charles, Count of Valois, and a half-sister of King Philip VI of France.They had three children: 1. son (born 1334), died young. 2. Margaret of Bohemia, Queen of Hungary (1335–1349); married King Louis I of Hungary. 3. Catherine of Bohemia (1342–1395); married Rudolf IV, Duke of Austria and Otto V, Duke of Bavariaand Elector of Brandenburg. He secondly married Anna of Bavaria, (1329–1353), daughter o...
Boehm, Barbara Drake; Fajt, Jiri, eds. (2005). Prague: The Crown of Bohemia, 1347–1437. Yale University Press.[ISBN missing]Dvornik, Francis (1962). The Slavs in European History and Civilization. Rutgers University Press.Jaschke, Karl-Ulrich (1997). "From Famous Empresses to Unspectacular Queens". In Duggan, Anne J. (ed.). Queens and Queenship in Medieval Europe. The Boydell Press.[ISBN missing]Charles IV (autobiography), edited by Balázs Nagy, Frank Schaer: Autobiography of Emperor Charles IV; And, His Legend of St. Wenceslas: Karoli IV Imperatoris Romanorum Vita Ab Eo Ipso Conscripta; E...Boehm, Barbara Drake (2005). Prague : the Crown of Bohemia, 1347–1437. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art. ISBN 1588391612.Literature by and about Karl IV. in the German National LibrarycatalogueWorks by and about Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor in the Deutsche Digitale Bibliothek(German Digital Library)Entry in the Residenzen-KommissionAug 13, 2024 · Anna of Foix (1484 – Buda, Hungary, 26 July 1506) was the Queen consort of Hungary and Bohemia. She was born the daughter of Gaston II de Foix, Count of Candale and Benauges and Catherine, Infanta of Navarre.
- Vladislav II, King of Bohemia
- Foix, Ariege, Midi-Pyrenees, France
- 1484
- Private User
The Jagiellons at one point also established dynastic control over the kingdoms of Bohemia (1471 onwards) and Hungary (from 1490 onwards), with Wladislaus Jagiello whom several history books call Vladisla(u)s II.
Catherine of Bohemia (Czech: Kateřina Lucemburská, German: Katharina von Böhmen; 19 August 1342 – 26 April 1395) also known as Catherine of Luxembourg was Electress of Brandenburg, the second daughter of Holy Roman Emperor Charles IV and Blanche of Valois.
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May 10, 2014 · Anne had five siblings: Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor, King of Hungary and Bohemia and Margrave of Brandenburg (1368–1437), married (1) Mary of Hungary, no surviving issue (2) Barbara of Celje, had issue. John of Görlitz, Margrave of Moravia and Duke of Görlitz (1370–96), married Richardis Catherine of Sweden, had issue. Charles (1372 – 1373)
