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- Research must involve deductive reasoning and inductive reasoning. Deductive reasoning is the process of using true premises to reach a logical true conclusion while inductive reasoning uses observations to infer an explanation for those observations.
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This book discusses how scientific and other types of cognition make use of models, abduction, and explanatory reasoning in order to produce important or creative changes in theories and concepts.
- Logic and science: science and logic | Synthese - Springer
Logic isn’t special. Its theories are continuous with...
- Model-Based Reasoning in Science and Technology - Springer
This book discusses how scientific and other types of...
- Logic and science: science and logic | Synthese - Springer
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How do scientists use logical thinking?
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Is logic really a study of Good Thinking?
- Aristotle
- Frege
- Carnap
As noted above, Aristotle begins with a modal characterization of logical consequence (Prior Analytics, Book 1, Chapter 2): The Prior Analytics goes on to give a detailed account of the forms various syllogisms can take, and classifies them as valid or invalid (i.e., as “deductions” or otherwise) on the basis of these forms. For each of the invalid...
Frege may seem like the obvious exceptionalist about logic. Frege famously held logical truths to be a priori and analytic, distinguished from the truths of the special sciences by the latter’s being a posteriori and synthetic. Convicting exceptionalists, however, is not quite that easy. Another hasty argument puts Frege squarely in the anti-except...
Although he is not quite a founder of logic to the same extent as Aristotle and Frege, Carnap nonetheless is an important figure for logic and its philosophy. As the target of Quine’s “Two Dogmas of Empiricism” (1951) and allegedly “Truth by Convention” (1936),Footnote 15one might think that in Carnap we finally found a clear case of exceptionalism...
- Marcus Rossberg, Stewart Shapiro, Stewart Shapiro
- 2021
One thing is common to all forms of science: an ultimate goal “to know.” Curiosity and inquiry are the driving forces for the development of science. Scientists seek to understand the world and the way it operates. To do this, they use two methods of logical thinking: inductive reasoning and deductive reasoning.
This book discusses how scientific and other types of cognition make use of models, abduction, and explanatory reasoning in order to produce important and innovative changes in theories and concepts.
Scientific thinking refers to both thinking about the content of science and the set of reasoning processes that permeate the field of science: induction, deduction, experimental design, causal reasoning, concept formation, hypothesis testing, and so on.
Aikenhead, G.S., Logical Reasoning in Science and Technology. John Wiley, Toronto, Canada (22 Worcester Rd., Rexdale, Ontario, Canada M9W 1L1), 1990.
Mar 10, 2021 · Many people believe that logic is very abstract, dispassionate, complicated, and even cold. But in fact the study of logic is nothing more intimidating or obscure than this: the study of good thinking.
