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The politics of Europe deals with the continually evolving politics within the continent of Europe. [1] It is a topic far more detailed than other continents due to a number of factors including the long history of nation states in the region as well as the modern day trend towards increased political unity amongst the European states. The ...
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Sep 16, 2024 · Centralized bureaucracy came to replace medieval government. Underlying economic changes affected social stability. Secular values prevailed in politics, and the concept of a balance of power came to dominate international relations. Diplomacy and warfare were conducted by new methods.
- Introduction
- What Are The Main Institutions of The EU?
- How Do The Institutions Relate to Each other?
- What Are The Powers of The European Parliament?
- What Does The European Commission do?
- What Does EU Law Cover?
- How Does The EU Run Its Foreign Policy?
- How Are Trade Negotiations handled?
- Is There An EU Military?
- How Big Is The EU Budget?
Since the end of World War II, European countries have sought to deepen their integration in pursuit of peace and economic growth. The institutions that became the European Union (EU) have steadily expanded and strengthened their authority as member states have passed more and more decision-making power to the union. However, the EU has been buffet...
European integration began to take shape in the 1950s, but the modern union was founded in 1992 with the Maastricht Treaty. The EU was given its current structure and powers in 2007 with the Lisbon Treaty, also known as the Reform Treaty. Under these treaties, the bloc’s twenty-seven members agree to pool their sovereignty and delegate many decisio...
These EU institutions form a complex web of powers and mutual oversight. At base they draw their democratic legitimacy from elections in two ways: First, the European Council, which sets the bloc’s overall political direction, is composed of democratically elected national leaders. Second, the European Parliament is composed of representatives—know...
Although Parliament can’t initiate legislation, EU law can’t pass without Parliament’s approval. Parliament negotiates all laws, including the budget, with the commission and the Council of Ministers in an arrangement known as co-decision. In addition, international agreements, including trade agreements, require Parliament’s sign-off. The presiden...
As the executive body, the commission is most responsible for the day-to-day operations of the EU. The commission is tasked with drafting legislation and drawing up the EU budget. It sends these proposals to Parliament and the Council of Ministers and negotiates with them until it wins approval from both institutions. The commission is also respons...
Member states gave the EU different levels of authority over different areas, known as competencies: 1. Exclusive competenciesare areas in which only the EU, not national governments, can pass laws. These include many of the core activities of the EU, including the customs union, business competition rules, trade agreements, and, for eurozone count...
The common foreign and security policy (CFSP), as the EU’s foreign policy is known, primarily concerns diplomacy, security, and defense cooperation. High-level direction is set by the bloc’s national governments through the European Council and the Council of Ministers. But CFSP decisions must be unanimous, and member states remain free to make the...
The EU foreign ministry is distinct from the EU’s common commercial policy, which carries out trade policy via the EU trade commissioner. National governments have agreed to transfer all their decision-making power in this area, unlike other foreign policy matters, to the EU. The EU needs a unified trade policy because of its customs union, which s...
EU countries cooperate on military missions, but they are conducted on a voluntary, case-by-case basis by national militaries. There is no standing EU army independent of member states’ armies. EU security efforts take place under the common security and defense policy (CSDP), which is also operated out of the European Commission and led by the EU ...
The European Union’s spending was a little more than $197 billion in 2020, the last year for which the European Commission released its full accounting. 1. One of the largest chunks, at about 35 percent, is spent on agricultural programs. The biggest outlays are for direct payments to farmers and the development of fisheries, forests, and rural com...
- James Mcbride
15 hours ago · European Union (EU), international organization comprising 27 European countries and governing common economic, social, and security policies. Originally confined to western Europe, the EU undertook a robust expansion into central and eastern Europe in the early 21st century.
The EU treaties declare the Union to be based on representative democracy, and direct elections take place in the European Parliament. The Parliament, together with the Council, form the legislative arm of the EU. The council is composed of state governments, thus representing the intergovernmental nature of the EU.
POLITICO Europe covers the politics, policy and personalities of the European Union. Our coverage includes breaking news, opinion pieces, and features.
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Nov 29, 2011 · This entry offers a taste of the range of topics within the literature, with sections on the theory and principles of integration, the history of the EU, its major institutions, political processes, and key areas of policy activity.
