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Syndrome of acute decompensation of diabetes mellitus
- Hyperosmolar nonketotic diabetic coma (HHNC) is a syndrome of acute decompensation of diabetes mellitus, occurring mainly in the elderly and characterized by marked hyperglycemia, hyperosmolarity, severe dehydration, occasional neurological signs, obtunded sensorium, and absence of ketonemia or acidosis.
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov › 3311890
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What is Nonketotic hyperosmolar coma?
Is hyperosmolar hyperglycemic coma a complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus?
What is hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS)?
What is hyperosmolar hyperglycaemic coma?
Aug 12, 2023 · Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic non-ketotic coma is no longer accepted as a diagnostic nomenclature because not all patients with HHS will present with coma, even in the presence of significant hyperglycemia and hyperosmolarity. The evaluation of HHS requires a detailed history and physical examination.
- Adebayo Adeyinka, Noah P. Kondamudi
- 2023/08/12
- 2021
- Symptoms
- Causes
- Diagnosis
- Treatment
The symptoms of HHNS may appear slowly, taking days or even weeks to fully develop. Common symptoms include: 1. Blood glucose levels over 600 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dl) 2. Frequent urination 3. Extreme thirst 4. Dry mouth 5. Confusion or sleepiness 6. Unexpected weight loss 7. Skin that is warm and dry without sweating 8. Fever (usually over ...
HHNS develops when glucose levels surge(typically above 600 mg/dl), leading to severe dehydration. This dehydration occurs because elevated levels of glucose cause blood to become thicker and result in the body needing to produce more urine in order to lower them. The result is frequent urination, which can result in serious or even life-threatenin...
HHNS is diagnosed based on symptoms and by measuring blood glucose levels, which can be performed with a finger stick. A blood glucose level of 600 mg/dL and low ketone levelsare the main factors for diagnosis of HHNS. Serum osmolality, a test that measures the body's water/electrolyte balance, also is used to diagnose HHNS. Serum osmolality specif...
Treatment typically involves starting intravenous (IV) fluids (saline solution delivered through a needle into a vein) to rehydrate the body quickly. It also may require IV insulin to bring down blood sugar levels. Potassium and sometimes sodium phosphate replenishment may also be required to support cell function. If you are hospitalized due to ...
- Gary Gilles
Feb 17, 2023 · Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS) is a serious complication of diabetes that happens when blood sugar levels are very high for a long period of time. Symptoms of HHS can include extreme thirst, frequent urination and confusion. HHS is an emergency that requires immediate medical care.
Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS), also known as hyperosmolar non-ketotic state (HONK), is a complication of diabetes mellitus in which high blood sugar results in high osmolarity without significant ketoacidosis. Symptoms include signs of dehydration, weakness, leg cramps, vision problems, and an altered level of consciousness.
Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (previously referred to as hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic coma [HHNK] and nonketotic hyperosmolar syndrome [NKHS]) is a complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus and has an estimated mortality rate of up to 20%, which is significantly higher than the mortality for diabetic ketoacidosis (currently 1%).
Jul 3, 2023 · Nonketotic hyperosmolar coma is a life threatening metabolic derangement that can develop in people with diabetes mellitus, usually due to illness, infection or failure to...
Dec 1, 2017 · Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state is a life-threatening emergency manifested by marked elevation of blood glucose and hyperosmolarity with little or no ketosis. Although...
