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plaster of paris, quick-setting gypsum plaster consisting of a fine white powder (calcium sulfate hemihydrate), which hardens when moistened and allowed to dry. Known since ancient times, plaster of paris is so called because of its preparation from the abundant gypsum found near Paris.
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Feb 18, 2024 · The Origins of Plaster of Paris. Plaster of Paris has its origins in the Paris Basin, where large deposits of gypsum were found. The production of plaster of Paris involves a process called calcination, where the gypsum is heated to remove the water content and create calcium sulfate hemihydrate.
Mar 20, 2009 · Early in the 19th century, with the use of the plaster of Paris mold, mass production of all kinds of ornaments could be achieved at inexpensive prices. It satisfied the individual desire for grandeur, magnificence and affluence and was expressed in terms of a mass of obvious objets d’art.
Chalkware is an American term for popular figurines either made of moulded plaster of Paris (usually) or sculpted gypsum, and painted, typically with oils or watercolors. [1] [2] They were primarily created during one of three periods: from the late 18th century to the beginning of the 20th century, during the Great Depression, and during the ...
In the second half of the nineteenth century, in Europe and the United States, chalkware accomplished for three-dimensional devotional objects what chromolithography managed for images in two dimensions. 1 Both of these visual and sensory technologies, furthermore, came into common usage just as European and American Christian missionary ...
Apr 17, 2017 · Plaster of Paris is produced by removing the impurities from the mined gypsum and then heating it under controlled conditions to reduce the amount of water of crystallization . Plaster of Paris was well known as a building material for many centuries before it was introduced as casting material.
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Mar 2, 2017 · Named for the huge gypsum deposits of Montmartre, plaster of Paris’ appearance as a sculptural medium dates to Mesopotamia, when classical statues were draped in fringed gypsum skirts and dresses. From the Tigris and Euphrates the material made its way into Western European history through architectural details, columns, pilasters, and mouldings.