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A seed plant or spermatophyte (lit. 'seed plant'; from Ancient Greek σπέρματος (spérmatos) 'seed', and φυτόν (phytón) 'plant'), also known as a phanerogam (taxon Phanerogamae) or a phaenogam (taxon Phaenogamae), is any plant that produces seeds.
Seed plant, any of the more than 300,000 species of seed-bearing vascular plants. Although the taxonomic division Spermatophyta is no longer accepted, the term ‘spermatophyte’ is used to refer collectively to the angiosperms and gymnosperms.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
Spermatophyta have axillary buds (buds in leaf axils). Like ferns, they are megaphyllous and homoiohydric, and have a secondary thickening. Higher groups of seed plants lost flagellate spermatozoa and developed pollen tubes. The classes of Spermatophyta are Ginkgoopsida, Cycadopsida, Pinopsida, Gnetopsida, and Angiospermae.
Seed plants are a group of plants. Gymnosperms and angiosperms form the group. Their seeds have three parts: (1) an embryo, (2) a supply of nutrients for the embryo, and (3) a seed coat. They are also called spermatophytes or phanerogams. The seed plants dominate almost all the environments on land.
Seed plants (Division Spermatophyta) are the most common plants on earth today. In the fossil record, there are examples of now extinct tree ferns that had seeds, indicating seed plants likely originated from ferns. Seedless plants reproduce via spores, which are single-celled zygotes with a tough cell wall.
The spermatophytes, which means "seed plants", are some of the most important organisms on Earth. Life on land as we know it is shaped largely by the activities of seed plants. Soils, forests, and food are three of the most apparent products of this group.
