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Panama, [a] officially the Republic of Panama, [b] is a country in Latin America at the southern end of Central America, bordering South America. It is bordered by Costa Rica to the west, Colombia to the southeast, the Caribbean Sea to the north, and the Pacific Ocean to the south.
- United States Invasion of Panama
The United States invaded Panama in mid-December 1989 during...
- Panama City
Panama City, [4] also known as Panama (or Panamá in...
- Panamanian Public Forces
The Panamanian Public Forces (Spanish: Fuerza Pública de la...
- Flag
The national flag of Panama was made by María de la Ossa de...
- Isabel Saint Malo
Isabel de Saint Malo García de Alvarado (born 27 June 1968)...
- Indigenous
Embera girl, Darién Province, 2006 A Guna woman in Guna Yala...
- President
Presidente de la República de Panamá: Presidential standard....
- Panama (Disambiguation)
Geography and places Republic of Panama. Isthmus of Panama,...
- Panamanian Spanish
Panamanian Spanish is the Spanish language as spoken in the...
- Talk
Central America portal; This article is within the scope of...
- United States Invasion of Panama
Panamá, 11 12 oficialmente denominada República de Panamá, es un país ubicado en América Central. Su capital y ciudad más poblada es la Ciudad de Panamá. 13 Limita al norte con el mar Caribe, al sur con el océano Pacífico, al este con Colombia y al oeste con Costa Rica.
Panama City, [4] also known as Panama (or Panamá in Spanish), is the capital and largest city of Panama. [5][6] It has a total population of 1,086,990, [1][7] with over 2,100,000 in its urban area. The city is located at the Pacific entrance of the Panama Canal, in the province of Panama. The city is the political and administrative center of ...
- Pre-Colombian History
- Spanish Colonial Period
- Independence
- 19th Century
- Panama Canal
- Military Coups and Coalitions
- Manuel Noriega Regime
- After Noriega
- See Also
- Bibliography
The earliest artifacts discovered in Panama include Paleo-Indians projectile points. Later central Panama was home to some of the earliest pottery-making in the Americas, such as the Monagrillo cultures dating to about 2500–1700 BC. These evolved into significant populations that are best known through the noteworthy burials (dating to c. 500–900 A...
In 1501, Rodrigo de Bastidas was the first European to explore the Isthmus of Panama sailing along the eastern coast. A year later Christopher Columbus on his fourth voyage, sailing south and eastward from upper Central America, explored Bocas del Toro, Veragua, the Chagres River and Portobelo (Beautiful Port) which he named. Soon Spanish expeditio...
In 1819, New Granada finally achieved freedom from Spain. Panama and the other regions of former New Granada were therefore technically free. Panama considered union with Peru or with Central America in federations that were emerging in the region. Finally it was won over by Gran Columbia's Simón Bolívar, who, after residing in Jacmel, Haiti, was g...
When separation of Venezuela and Ecuador were being established, in 1831 the isthmus again reiterated its independence, now under the same General Alzuru as supreme military commander. Abuses by Alzuru's short-lived administration were countered by forces led by Colonel Tomás de Herrera, resulting in the defeat and execution of Alzuru in August, an...
Panamanian history which has been shaped by the recurrent theme of transisthmian commerce, looked now at the possibility of a canal to replace the difficult overland route. In 1519, the Spanish crown financed the building of a cobbled track that joined the oceans, and by 1534, the Chagres River was dredged, facilitating traffic for two-thirds of th...
From 1903 until 1968, Panama was a republic dominated by a commercially oriented oligarchy. During the 1950s, the Panamanian military began to challenge the oligarchy's political hegemony. The January 9, 1964 Martyrs' Dayriots escalated tensions between the country and the US government over its long-term occupation of the Canal Zone. Twenty rioter...
Torrijos died in a mysterious plane crash on July 31, 1981. The circumstances of his death generated charges and speculation that he was assassinated. Torrijos' death changed the tone but not the direction of Panama's political evolution. Despite constitutional amendments in 1983, which appeared to proscribe a political role for the military, the P...
In the morning of December 20, 1989, hours after the invasion started, the presumptive winner of the May 1989 election, Guillermo Endara, was sworn in as president of Panama at a US military installation in the Canal Zone. On December 27, Panama's Electoral Tribunal invalidated the Noriega regime's annulment of the May 1989 election and confirmed t...
Conniff, Michael L., and Gene E. Bigler. Modern Panama: From occupation to crossroads of the Americas(Cambridge University Press, 2019).Farnsworth, David N., and James W. McKinney. U.S.-Panama Relations, 1903–1978: A Study in Linkage Politics(Westview Press, 1983)Harding, Robert C. The History of Panama, Greenwood Publishers, 2006.Panama is a country in North America. Its official name is the Republic of Panama, and it's most famous for the Panama Canal. Countries bordering Panama are Costa Rica in the Northwest and Colombia in the Southeast. Panama is between the Caribbean Sea and the Pacific Ocean.
La historia de Panamá abarca desde la llegada de sus primeros habitantes hasta la actualidad. Su historia se divide en cuatro grandes épocas: prehispánica, virreinal, colombiana y republicana.
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The Panama Canal (Spanish: Canal de Panamá) is an artificial 82-kilometer (51-mile) waterway in Panama that connects the Atlantic Ocean with the Pacific Ocean, cutting across the Isthmus of Panama, and is a conduit for maritime trade.
