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Oct 23, 2018 · Arabic Coins and How to Read Them. Spink (2000) Smith, J.M. and Francis Plunkett. “Gold Money in Mongol Iran”, Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient 11 (1968) Watt, James (ed.).
- Mike Markowitz
May 11, 2016 · The shahada, the Islamic creed, appears on the coins of Abaqa Khan, who was Buddhist, mixed with the Christian trinitarian formula. The Mongols, although nomadic, successfully built an empire, issued coins, and created a script to write their language.
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Abaqa Khan (27 February 1234 – 4 April 1282, Mongolian: Абаха/Абага хан ( Khalkha Cyrillic), ᠠᠪᠠᠭ ᠠ. ᠬᠠᠨ ( Traditional script), "paternal uncle", also transliterated Abaġa ), was the second Mongol ruler ( Ilkhan) of the Ilkhanate. The son of Hulagu Khan and Lady Yesünčin and the grandson of Tolui, he reigned ...
- Yesuncin Khatun
- Borjigin
- 8 February 1265 – 1282
- Hulagu Khan
Jul 13, 2011 · Abaqa was prevented from avenging this humiliation by his death a few months later. Internally, Abaqa’s task was to consolidate the hold on Iran established by his father, at whose death the Mongols controlled in practical terms only the northern regions of the country and exercised a vague suzerainty over the south and east.
Gerdkuh resisted much longer. The Mongols had built permanent structures and houses around this fortress, the ruins of which, together with two types of stones used for the Nizari and Mongol mangonels, are still extant today. On 15 December 1270, during the reign of Abaqa, the garrison of Gerdkuh surrendered from want of clothing.
- 1253–1256
Abel-Rémusat (1824: 156) believes that contacts through the Mongols with Far Eastern civilizations. brought Europe out of the spiritual and intellectual narrow mindedness into which it had sunk after the end of the Roman Empire. Paul Pelliot made the most significant contribution regarding these letters.
Coins of the Mongol empire therefore fall into two categories. Coins for use in Muslim areas follow the well-established pattern of Islamic coinage: gold, silver and copper denominations with Arabic inscriptions and geometric decoration.
