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Gladiator. Part of the Zliten mosaic from Libya (Leptis Magna), about 2nd century AD. It shows (left to right) a thraex fighting a murmillo, a hoplomachus standing with another murmillo (who is signaling his defeat to the referee), and one of a matched pair. A gladiator ( Latin: gladiator, "swordsman", from gladius, "sword") was an armed ...
- They weren’t always enslaved. Not all gladiators were brought to the arena in chains. While most early combatants were enslaved peoples and people who had committed crimes, grave inscriptions show that by the 1st century A.D., the demographics had started to change.
- Gladiatorial bouts were originally part of funeral ceremonies. Games in the Colosseum. Many ancient chroniclers described the Roman games as an import from the Etruscans, but most historians now argue that gladiator fights got their start as a blood rite staged at the funerals of wealthy nobles.
- They didn’t always fight to the death. Hollywood movies and television shows often depict gladiatorial bouts as bloody free-for-all, but most fights operated under fairly strict rules and regulations.
- The famous “thumbs down” gesture probably didn’t mean death. If a gladiator was seriously wounded or threw down his weapon in defeat, his fate was left in the hands of the spectators.
May 3, 2018 · Learn about the ancient professional fighters who entertained the Roman public with deadly combat in large arenas. Discover the origins, types, weapons, armour, and fate of gladiators in this comprehensive article.
- Mark Cartwright
- Michael Waters
- Marcus Attilius. A free-born Roman, Attilius enrolled in gladiator school seemingly of his own volition—making him part of a small but elite pool of gladiators who volunteered to fight.
- Spiculus. Spiculus attended gladiator school in the Italian city of Capua, where he must have shown immense promise. In his first amphitheater match, he squared off against Aptonetus, a veteran gladiator and free Roman who had won 16 fights.
- Commodus. Today, Commodus is best known as the “mad” emperor whose disastrous rule from 180 to 192 A.D. marked the end of Rome’s golden era (also known as the Pax Romana).
- Flamma. The Syrian-born gladiator, who rose to fame under the reign of Emperor Hadrian (117 to 138 A.D.) , is best known for the length of his career, and for being awarded his freedom four times—and repeatedly turning it down.
- Types of gladiators. There were over two dozen different types of gladiators, distinguished from each other by the weapons they used, the armor they wore, the fighting styles they employed, and the events at which they fought.
- Were there women gladiators? There were female gladiators, although they were a very small minority and according to writings from the times, they were apparently viewed as an oddity and a peculiar entertainment, more than as simply a regular type of gladiator.
- Gladiator training. Gladiators belonged to the infame class, infamous, and as such their lives were forfeit and belonged to their masters. Gladiatorial schools were incredibly strict, and the training they provided was harsh, with some archaeological evidence suggesting that gladiators could be killed as punishment for misbehavior.
- Famous gladiators. Most gladiators lived and died anonymously, but a few became popular celebrities and their names have reached the present day. Crixus was a Gallic slave and gladiator that escaped captivity and became one of the leaders of the rebel army in the Third Servile War, between slaves and the Roman republic.
May 8, 2024 · Learn about gladiators, professional combatants in ancient Rome who fought to the death or for mercy in various classes and styles. Find out how gladiators were recruited, trained, and entertained the crowds, and how they influenced politics and society.
Learn about the history, types, and status of gladiators, the armed fighters who performed in the Roman arena. Find out how gladiatorial shows originated, evolved, and ended in Roman culture.
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