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  1. Maria Carolina (Maria Carolina Louise Josepha Johanna Antonia; 13 August 1752 – 8 September 1814) was Queen of Naples and Sicily as the wife of King Ferdinand IV and III, who later became King of the Two Sicilies. As de facto ruler of her husband's kingdoms, Maria Carolina oversaw the promulgation of many reforms, including the revocation of ...

  2. Mar 25, 2024 · Maria Carolina (born Aug. 13, 1752, Vienna [Austria]—died Sept. 8, 1814, Vienna) was the queen of Naples and wife of King Ferdinand IV of Naples. She held the real power in Naples, and, under the influence of her favourite, Sir John Acton, 6th Baronet, who was reputed to be her lover, she adopted a pro-British, anti-French policy.

    • The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
  3. Nov 5, 2021 · Learn about the life and achievements of Maria Carolina, the 16th-century Austrian queen who rose to power and became a symbol of resistance against Napoleon. Discover how she overcame adversity, faced challenges, and ruled with cunning and strength.

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  5. Maria Carolina of Austria (1752–1814), Queen of Naples and Sicily from 1768 to 1814, daughter of Empress Maria Theresa and Emperor Francis I. Princess Maria Carolina of Savoy (1764–1782), Electoral Princess of Saxony. Maria Caroline Gibert de Lametz (1793–1879), Princess of Monaco.

    • 12 May 1768 – 23 January 1799
  6. In 1808, Maria Carolina's last unmarried daughter, Maria Amalia, was married to Louis Philippe, duke of Orléans. Although Maria Carolina would not live to see it, Maria Amalia would become queen of France when Louis Philippe was crowned in 1830. By 1810, Napoleon Bonaparte as emperor of France was the undisputed master of Europe.

  7. A biography of Maria Carolina, the third daughter of Empress Maria Theresa and Francis of Lorraine, who married King Ferdinand IV of Naples in 1768 and became Queen of Naples in 1783. Learn about her life, children, challenges, and legacy as a queen and a leader of Naples.

  8. Aug 1, 2021 · Archduchess Maria Carolina of Austria was the first wife of King Ferdinando IV of Naples and III Sicily, after her death, Ferdinando I, King of the Two Sicilies. Maria Carolina Louise Josepha Johanna Antonia was born on August 13, 1752, at Schönbrunn Palace in Vienna, Austria. She was the thirteenth of the sixteen children and the tenth of the ...

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