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The Second Italo-Ethiopian War, also referred to as the Second Italo-Abyssinian War, was a war of aggression waged by Italy against Ethiopia, which lasted from October 1935 to February 1937. In Ethiopia it is often referred to simply as the Italian Invasion ( Amharic : ጣልያን ወረራ , romanized : Ṭalyan warära ), and in Italy as the ...
- 3 October 1935 – 19 February 1937, (1 year, 4 months, 2 weeks and 2 days)
Italo-Ethiopian War, an armed conflict in 1935–36 that resulted in Ethiopia’s subjection to Italian rule. Often seen as one of the episodes that prepared the way for World War II, the war demonstrated the ineffectiveness of the League of Nations when League decisions were not supported by the great powers.
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The Italo–Ethiopian Treaty of 1928 that delimited the border between Italian Somaliland and Ethiopia stated the border was 21 leagues parallel to the Benadir coast. Acting on this, Italy built a fort at the Walwal oasis (Italian Ual-Ual) in the Ogaden desert in 1930, and garrisoned it with Somali dubats (irregular frontier troops commanded by Itali...
Ethiopians
According to Italian estimates, on the eve of hostilities, the Ethiopians had an army of 760,000 men. Only about one-quarter of this army had any kind of military training and the men were armed with rifles of every type and in every kind of condition. In general, the Ethiopian armies were poorly equipped. They had about 200 antiquated pieces of artillery mounted on rigid gun carriages. There were also about 50 light and heavy anti-aircraft guns (20 mm Oerlikons, 75 mm Schneiders, and Vickers...
Italians
In April 1935, the Italian build-up in Eastern Africa started in earnest. In a few months, eight regular army divisions arrived in Eritrea. Twelve regular divisions arrived in Italian Somaliland. These units alone, without the Italian units already in East Africa, native units, or units arriving during the war, represented 480,000 soldiers. This included a great number of logistical and support units. There were also 200,000 Italian soldiers in Eritrea and Italian Somaliland before these rein...
On October 3, 1935, Marshal Emilio De Bono advanced into Ethiopia from Eritrea without a declaration of War. De Bono had a force of 100,000 Italian soldiers and 25,000 Eritrean soldiers under his command. A smaller force of Italians, Somalis, and Libyans, under the command of General Rodolfo Graziani, advanced into Ethiopia from Italian Somaliland....
In addition to conventional weaponry, Badoglio's troops also made substantial use of mustard gas, in both artillery and aerial bombardments. In total, the Italians deployed between 300 and 500 tons of mustard gas during the war, despite having signed the 1925 Geneva Protocol. The deployment of gas was not restricted to the battlefield, however, as ...
While the pope issued ambiguous statements, his bishops were quite vocal in blessing the armed forces of their Italian “fatherland.” In the book, The Vatican in the Age of the Dictators,Anthony Rhodes reports:
When victory was announced on May 9, 1936, from the balcony of Palazzo Venezia, the Italian population (who had not been informed of the use of mustard gas by their troops) was jubilant. On June 30, 1936, Emperor Haile Selassie gave a stirring speech before the League of Nationsdenouncing Italy's actions and criticizing the world community for stan...
Barker, A.J. 1936. The Rape of Ethiopia. New York: Ballentine. ISBN 9780345024626.Del Boca, Angelo. 1996. I gas di Mussolini: il fascismo e la guerra d'Etiopia. Roma, IT: Editori riuniti. ISBN 9788835940913.Lowe, C.J., and F. Marzari. 1975. Italian Foreign Policy, 1870-1940. London: Routledge & Paul. ISBN 9780710079879.Mockler, Anthony. 1984. Haile Selassie's War. New York: Random House. ISBN 9780394542225.All links retrieved November 2, 2019. 1. Mussolini's Invasion and the Italian Occupation. 2. Haile Selassie I, Part 2.
Mar 14, 2024 · Learn how fascist Italy invaded Ethiopia in 1935, defying the League of Nations and the international order established by the Allies. Discover how the war paved the way for World War II and the rise of Hitler.
May 25, 2023 · Learn about the causes, course, and consequences of the Second Italo-Ethiopian War, also known as the Italian Invasion or the Ethiopian War. Find out how Italy, under Mussolini, launched a full-scale invasion of Ethiopia in 1935, using modern weapons and chemical gas, and occupied the country until 1941.
Mar 8, 2016 · A comprehensive overview of Italy's conquest of Ethiopia in 1935-1936, a process that began after the 1885 Partition of Africa and was influenced by the fascist dictator Benito Mussolini. Learn about the causes, events, and consequences of the war, as well as the role of Ethiopia and its leader Emperor Haile Selassie I in the resistance against Italy.
The following is a timeline relating to the Second Italo–Ethiopian War to the end of 1936. A number of related political and military events followed until 1942, but these have been omitted. 1930. Italy builds a fort at Walwal, an oasis in the Ogaden, as part of their gradual encroachment into what had been generally considered Ethiopian territory.
