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May 22, 2023 · The symptoms typically appear in individuals who had at least one previous exposure to the antigen. Hypersensitivity reactions can be classified into four types: Type I - IgE mediated immediate reaction. Type II - Antibody-mediated cytotoxic reaction (IgG or IgM antibodies) Type III - Immune complex-mediated reaction.
- Norina Usman, Pavan Annamaraju
- 2023/05/22
- 2021
May 22, 2023 · Type III hypersensitivity reaction can be treated based on the clinical presentation: Removal of the offending agent is the mainstay of treatment of type III hypersensitivity reaction. Antihistamines and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can provide symptomatic relief. Corticosteroids are used in severe cases to suppress inflammation.
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What is type III hypersensitivity?
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What causes Type III (immune complex-mediated) hypersensitivity?
- Mechanism
- Clinical Manifestation of Type III Hypersensitivity
- Diagnosis of Type III Hypersensitivity
- Treatment and Management
Like in type II hypersensitivity reactions, cell injury caused in the type III reaction is by complementsystem activation. But here, immune complexes are formed first when antibodies bind to antigens. The immune complexes can then precipitate in various tissues of joints, skin, blood vessel walls, the kidney’s glomerular basement membrane, and the ...
The magnitude of the reaction depends on the quantity of immune complexes as well as their distribution within the body. A localized response occurs when immune complexes are deposited in tissue near the antigen entry. And when the complexes are formed in the blood, a reaction develops wherever the complexes are deposited. Several autoimmune diseas...
Detection of a specific antigen causing type III hypersensitivity is difficult. The diagnosis is primarily based on the association of antigen exposure to clinical manifestations, such as fever, arthritis, and rash. The diagnosis includes clinical history or findings and laboratory tests, like: Blood A blood sample is tested for CBC (complete blood...
Avoidance of exposureRemoval of the offending agent is essential.If an occupational hazard is a cause, appropriate precautions should be taken at the worksite, or one should change the nature of the work.Reviewing the drug allergy list and related side effects should be carried out for the sensitive patient.Use of drugs and other treatmentsDisease treatment is based on the individual patient’s condition.Aug 31, 2023 · Type III (immune complex-mediated) hypersensitivity is caused when soluble antigen-antibody (IgG or IgM) complexes, which are normally removed by macrophages in the spleen and liver, form in large amounts and overwhelm the body.
Type III hypersensitivity, in the Gell and Coombs classification of allergic reactions, occurs when there is accumulation of immune complexes ( antigen - antibody complexes) that have not been adequately cleared by innate immune cells, giving rise to an inflammatory response and attraction of leukocytes.
Mar 9, 2022 · Types I–III are immediate hypersensitivity reactions because they occur within 24 hours. Type IV is a delayed hypersensitivity reaction that occurs between 48–72 hours after exposure to the antigen. This article explains each type of hypersensitivity reaction, as well as their symptoms and treatment options.
A unique characteristic of type III hypersensitivity is antibody excess (primarily IgG), coupled with a relatively low concentration of antigen, resulting in the formation of small immune complexes that deposit on the surface of the epithelial cells lining the inner lumen of small blood vessels or on the surfaces of tissues (Figure 15.7). This ...
