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- Ariel Sharon (born February 26, 1928, Kefar Malal, Palestine [now in Israel]—died January 11, 2014, Ramat Gan, Israel) was an Israeli general and politician, whose public life was marked by brilliant but controversial military achievements and political policies.
www.britannica.com › biography › Ariel-SharonAriel Sharon | Biography, Military Career, Politics, & Facts
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Ariel Sharon (Hebrew: אֲרִיאֵל שָׁרוֹן [aʁiˈ(ʔ)el ʃaˈʁon] ⓘ; also known by his diminutive Arik, אָרִיק; 26 February 1928 – 11 January 2014) was an Israeli general and politician who served as the 11th prime minister of Israel from March 2001 until April 2006.
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- 1948–1974
- Overview
- Early life and military career
Ariel Sharon (born February 26, 1928, Kefar Malal, Palestine [now in Israel]—died January 11, 2014, Ramat Gan, Israel) Israeli general and politician, whose public life was marked by brilliant but controversial military achievements and political policies. He was one of the chief participants in the Arab-Israeli wars and was elected prime minister ...
Born Ariel Scheinerman—like many Israelis, he Hebraized his name in the early years of the state—Sharon grew up in a family of Russian immigrants in then British-ruled Palestine. His early years were marked by experiences in the secular, socialist Labour Zionist movement and in the Haganah, the underground Zionist militia, which he joined at age 14. In December 1947 he became a full-time soldier. In 1948, Sharon fought as a junior officer in the battle of Laṭrūn; when Israeli forces there were routed by Jordanian troops, Sharon’s platoon was destroyed, and he was seriously injured. He later said that he was “eaten up by despair and the shame of the defeat.” After the war he remained in uniform and served as an intelligence officer while studying Middle Eastern history at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem.
In July 1953 Sharon was appointed the head of Unit 101, a commando group charged with conducting reprisal raids against Jordanian border villages in response to incursions by Arab irregulars. Sharon was accorded considerable independence of action, to which he added a natural impetuosity and recklessness. In October one such operation, a retaliatory attack against the village of Qibyā (in the West Bank), left 69 civilians dead, many of them women and children. The episode evoked criticism both in Israel and abroad. Israeli foreign minister Moshe Sharett, who had opposed any such retaliation, decried the raid as having exposed Israel before the world “as a gang of bloodsuckers, capable of mass murder.” But Sharon was protected by the country’s combative first prime minister, David Ben-Gurion, who described the young Sharon as original and visionary. In his diary Ben-Gurion also noted, “Were he to rid himself of his faults of not speaking the truth and to distance himself from gossip, he would be an exceptional military leader.”
In 1955 Sharon led another raid, this time directed at the Egyptian forces that were occupying the Gaza Strip. The incident, in which 38 Egyptians and 8 Israelis were killed, heightened tensions between Israel and Egypt. In late October 1956 the crisis culminated in the invasion of Egypt by Israel, in secret alliance with Britain and France (see Suez Crisis). In the ensuing campaign, Sharon commanded paratroopers who captured the strategic Mitla Pass in the central Sinai Peninsula. He exceeded orders and sustained heavy losses, again garnering a mixture of praise for his military ability and criticism of his headstrong leadership.
In 1957 he was sent to Staff College in Camberley, England, for officer training. Later he studied part-time at what was then the Tel Aviv branch of the Hebrew University and graduated with a law degree in 1966.
In late May 1967 Egypt remilitarized the Sinai and declared a blockade against Israeli ships passing through the Strait of Tiran. When the Israeli government appeared to hesitate about its response to Egypt’s actions, Sharon proposed to the chief of staff, Yitzhak Rabin, that the military high command take power and hold the cabinet in detention while the armed forces launched a preemptive attack on Egypt. A few days later, however, the government itself decided to go to war.
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- Bernard Wasserstein
Jan 11, 2014 · 26 February 1928: Ariel Sharon is born at Kfar Malal, 15 miles north-east of Tel Aviv, a moshav (collective settlement) in central Palestine. His parents, Samuel and Vera Scheinerman, had...
Jan 15, 2014 · 1 of 9. i. View slideshow. Former Prime Minister Ariel Sharon, a towering figure in the history of Israel as a soldier and politician, died on Saturday. He was 85. His death was announced by...
- Mike Shuster
Jan 11, 2014 · Ariel Sharon, one of the most influential figures in Israel’s history, a military commander and political leader who at the height of his power redrew the country’s electoral map, only to...
Nov 22, 2011 · (1928 - 2014) Ariel “Arik” Sharon was an Israeli statesman, former Prime Minister and retired Major-General who served in the IDF for more than 25 years. Sharon was born on February 26, 1928, at Kfar Malal in Pre-State Israel.
Ariel Sharon - Israeli Leader, Military Strategist, Politician | Britannica. Contents. Home Politics, Law & Government World Leaders Prime Ministers. Legacy of Ariel Sharon. For all his obstinacy, tendency to insubordination, and frequent brusque rudeness, Sharon also possessed a certain personal charm and had friends across the political spectrum.
