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Louis XVI, former king of France since the abolition of the monarchy, was publicly executed by beheading by guillotine on 21 January 1793 during the French Revolution and the French First Republic at the Place de la Révolution in Paris.
- Church of The Madeleine
The Church of Sainte-Marie-Madeleine (French: L'église...
- Antoine Joseph Santerre
Louis XVI was officially removed as king soon after....
- Jean, Baron De Batz
Jean Pierre de Batz, Baron de Sainte-Croix, known as the...
- Henry Essex Edgeworth
Edgeworth's Mémoires, edited by C. S. Edgeworth, [4] were...
- Church of The Madeleine
Signature. Louis XVI (Louis Auguste; French: [lwi sɛːz]; 23 August 1754 – 21 January 1793) was the last king of France before the fall of the monarchy during the French Revolution. Marie Antoinette was the wife of Louis XVI. The son of Louis, Dauphin of France (1729–1765) (son and heir-apparent of King Louis XV), and Maria Josepha of ...
- December 1792
- The Defense, 26 December 1792
- The Verdict, 14–15 January
- The Punishment, 16–17 January
- Sources
The trial began on 3 December. On 4 December the convention's president Bertrand Barère presented it with the fatal indictment (drafted by Jean-Baptiste Robert Lindet) and decreed the interrogation of Louis XVI. Louis made his entrance into the Convention chamber then:"Louis", said Barère de Vieuzac, "the nation accuses you, the National Assembly d...
The defense team
Louis XVI sought the most illustrious legal minds in France as his defense team. He first asked Gui-Jean-Baptiste Target, former deputy of the National Constituent Assembly and hero of the Parlements of the ancien régime, to lead his defense, but the elderly lawyer refused on account of his age. The task of lead counsel fell to Raymond Desèze, who was assisted by François Denis Tronchet (Target's closest colleague, who came on board reluctantly, only at the King's insistence) and Guillaume-Ch...
Declaration of Louis XVI in his defense.
"You have heard my defense, I would not repeat the details. In talking to you perhaps for the last time, I declare that my conscience reproaches me with nothing, and my defenders have told you the truth. I never feared the public examination of my conduct, but my heart is torn by the imputation that I would want to shed the blood of the people and especially that the misfortunes of August 10th be attributed to me. I avow that the many proofs that I have always acted from my love of the people...
Given overwhelming evidence of Louis' collusion with the invaders, the verdict was a foregone conclusion. Ultimately, 683 deputiesvoted to convict the former king. Not a single deputy voted "no," though 26 attached some condition to their votes. Twenty-six deputies were absent from the vote, most on official business. Twenty-three deputies abstaine...
The Mailhe amendment
For the king's sentence, deputy Jean-Baptiste Mailheproposed "Death, but [...] I think it would be worthy of the Convention to consider whether it would be useful to policy to delay the execution" which was supported by twenty-six deputies. This "Mailhe amendment" was regarded by some of Mailhe's contemporaries as a conspiracy to save the king's life. It was even suggested that Mailhe had been paid, perhaps by Spanish gold.
The vote
Paris voted overwhelmingly for death, 21 to 3. Robespierre voted first, and said "The sentiment that led me to call for the abolition of the death penalty is the same that today forces me to demand that it be applied to the tyrant of my country." Philippe Égalité, formerly the Duke of Orléans and Louis' own cousin, voted for his execution, a cause of much future bitterness among French monarchists. There were 721 voters in total. 34 voted for death with attached conditions (23 of whom invoked...
Execution
Louis was guillotined on 21 January 1793 in the Place de la Révolution (renamed Place de la Concordein 1795).
David P. Jordan, The King's Trial – Louis XVI vs. the French Revolution, University of California Press, 1979. ISBN 0-520-04399-5.Pfeiffer, Laura Belle (1913). The Uprising of June 20, 1792. University of Nebraska.Trapp, Joseph (1793). Proceedings of the French National Convention on the Trial of Louis XVI.Michael Walzer, Regicide and Revolution – Speeches at the Trial of Louis XVI, Columbia University Press, 1993. ISBN 978-0-231-08259-4.Oct 5, 2022 · The trial and execution of King Louis XVI of France (r. 1774-1792) was one of the most impactful events of the French Revolution (1789-99). In December 1792, the former king, now referred to as Citizen Louis Capet, was tried and found guilty of numerous crimes that amounted to high treason, and he was sentenced to death by guillotine.
- King Louis XVI of France was put on trial by the French National Convention for numerous crimes that he had committed since the start of the French...
- During the French Revolution, the Mountain was an extremist political group that emerged in opposition to the Girondins. Although itself split into...
- The trial of Louis XVI of France (or Citizen Louis Capet as he was then called) lasted from 11 December 1792, when he was indicted, to 17 January 1...
- King Louis XVI of France was executed on the Place de la Revolution (modern Place de la Concorde) in Paris around 10 am on 21 January 1793.
Aug 19, 2024 · Louis XVI’s courage on June 20, 1792, when the royal palace was invaded by the Paris mob after his dismissal of the Girondin ministry, and his dignified bearing during his trial and at the moment of execution did something to redeem, but did not reestablish, his reputation.
- Louis XVI’s father was the dauphin (heir apparent) Louis, and his mother was Maria Josepha of Saxony. Although Louis was his father’s third son, he...
- All of Louis’s elder siblings died when they were children. His younger brothers would succeed him as Louis XVIII and Charles X. His sister Elizabe...
- Louis XVI approved French military support for the American colonies in their successful struggle against the British, but the expense nearly bankr...
- Ultimately unwilling to cede his royal power to the Revolutionary government, Louis XVI was found guilty of treason and condemned to death. He was...
Louis XVI, former King of France since the abolition of the monarchy, was publicly executed on 21 January 1793 during the French Revolution at the Place de la Révolution in Paris.
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The trial and execution of Louis XVI. In December 1792, the National Convention put the deposed Louis XVI on trial for 33 charges of betrayal, sabotage or failure of leadership. After weeks of testimony and deliberation, all 693 of the Convention’s deputies found him guilty.
