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French knights made up the bulk of the flow of reinforcements throughout the 200-year span of the Crusades, in such a fashion that the Arabs referred to the crusaders as Franj. The French Crusaders imported the French language into the Levant, making French the base of the lingua franca (lit. "Frankish language") of the Crusader states.
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The National Assembly (French: Assemblée nationale;...
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The national flag of France (French: drapeau français) is a...
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The president of France, officially the president of the...
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Diplomatic emblem. The diplomatic emblem of France is an...
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Video taken by the crew of Expedition 29 on board the ISS on...
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Population density 1999, all territories are shown at the...
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Emmanuel Jean-Michel Frédéric Macron (French: [emanɥɛl...
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The prime minister of France (French: Premier ministre...
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France was a Geography and places good articles nominee, but...
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The French Constitution provides that, in general, French...
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t. e. French ( français, French: [fʁɑ̃sɛ], or langue française, French: [lɑ̃ɡ fʁɑ̃sɛːz]) is a Romance language of the Indo-European family. It descended from the Vulgar Latin of the Roman Empire, as did all Romance languages. French evolved from Gallo-Romance, the Latin spoken in Gaul, and more specifically in Northern Gaul.
- ɑ̃
- Signed French, (français signé)
- ɛ̃
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Any language regularly used for communication between people who do not share a native language is a lingua franca.Lingua franca is a functional term, independent of any linguistic history or language structure. Pidgins are therefore lingua francas; creoles and arguably mixed languages may similarly be used for communication between language groups...
The term lingua franca derives from Mediterranean Lingua Franca (also known as Sabir), the pidgin language that people around the Levant and the eastern Mediterranean Sea used as the main language of commerce and diplomacy from the late Middle Ages to the 18th century, most notably during the Renaissance era.During that period, a simplified version...
The term is well established in its naturalization to English and so major dictionaries do not italicize it as a "foreign" term. Its plurals in English are lingua francas and linguae francae, with the former being first-listed or only-listedin major dictionaries.
Historical lingua francas
The use of lingua francas has existed since antiquity. Akkadian, followed by Aramaicremained the common languages of a large part of Western Asia from several earlier empires. Sanskrit historically served as a lingua franca throughout the majority of South Asia.The Sanskrit language's historic presence is attested across a wide geography beyond South Asia. Inscriptions and literary evidence suggests that Sanskrit language was already being adopted in Southeast Asia and Central Asia in the 1st...
Hall, R.A. Jr. (1966). Pidgin and Creole Languages. Cornell University Press. ISBN 0-8014-0173-9.Heine, Bernd (1970). Status and Use of African Lingua Francas. BRILL. ISBN 3-8039-0033-6.Kahane, Henry Romanos (1958). The Lingua Franca in the Levant.Melatti, Julio Cezar (1983). Índios do Brasil(48 ed.). São Paulo: Hucitec Press."Lingua franca del Mediterraneo o Sabir of professor Francesco Bruni" (in Italian). Archived from the originalon 28 March 2009."Sample texts". Archived from the original on 9 April 2009. from Juan del Encina, Le Bourgeois Gentilhomme, Carlo Goldoni's L'Impresario da Smyrna, Diego de Haedo and other sources"An introduction to the original Mediterranean Lingua Franca". Archived from the originalon 8 April 2010.modifier. Le français est une langue indo-européenne de la famille des langues romanes dont les locuteurs sont appelés francophones. Le français est parlé, en 2023, sur tous les continents par environ 321 millions de personnes 5, 2 : 235 millions l'emploient quotidiennement et 81 millions 3 en sont des locuteurs natifs.
- Créoles et métchif d'un point de vu lexical
- 321 millions, (2022), LM : 93 millions
- francophones
- voir francophonie
The French Wikipedia ( French: Wikipédia en français) is the French-language edition of Wikipedia, the free online encyclopedia. This edition was started on 23 March 2001, two months after the official creation of Wikipedia. [1] It has 2,604,230 articles as of 9 April 2024, making it the fourth-largest Wikipedia overall, after the English ...
In 1532, Brittany was incorporated into the Kingdom of France. France engaged in the long Italian Wars (1494–1559), which marked the beginning of early modern France. Francis I faced powerful foes, and he was captured at Pavia. The French monarchy then sought for allies and found one in the Ottoman Empire.
French of France ( French: français de France) is the predominant variety of the French language in France, Andorra and Monaco, in its formal and informal registers. It has, for a long time, been associated with Standard French. It is now seen as a variety of French alongside Acadian French, Belgian French, Quebec French, Swiss French, etc. [2]
