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Gjuha frënge ose frëngjishtja (frëngjisht le français /lə fʁɑ̃.sɛ/) është një gjuhë indo-evropiane e familjes së gjuhëve romane. Ajo është një gjuhë e folur nga 274 milion folës. Ajo është gjuhë zyrtare në 29 vende si: Franca, Madagaskari, Kameruni, etj.
- 274 milion
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France, [a] officially the French Republic, [b] is a country located primarily in Western Europe. It also includes overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian oceans, [XII] giving it one of the largest discontiguous exclusive economic zones in the world.
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What is a lingua franca?
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- Characteristics
- Etymology
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Any language regularly used for communication between people who do not share a native language is a lingua franca.Lingua franca is a functional term, independent of any linguistic history or language structure. Pidgins are therefore lingua francas; creoles and arguably mixed languages may similarly be used for communication between language groups...
The term lingua franca derives from Mediterranean Lingua Franca (also known as Sabir), the pidgin language that people around the Levant and the eastern Mediterranean Sea used as the main language of commerce and diplomacy from the late Middle Ages to the 18th century, most notably during the Renaissance era.During that period, a simplified version...
The term is well established in its naturalization to English and so major dictionaries do not italicize it as a "foreign" term. Its plurals in English are lingua francas and linguae francae, with the former being first-listed or only-listedin major dictionaries.
Historical lingua francas
The use of lingua francas has existed since antiquity. Akkadian, followed by Aramaicremained the common languages of a large part of Western Asia from several earlier empires. Sanskrit historically served as a lingua franca throughout the majority of South Asia.The Sanskrit language's historic presence is attested across a wide geography beyond South Asia. Inscriptions and literary evidence suggests that Sanskrit language was already being adopted in Southeast Asia and Central Asia in the 1st...
Hall, R.A. Jr. (1966). Pidgin and Creole Languages. Cornell University Press. ISBN 0-8014-0173-9.Heine, Bernd (1970). Status and Use of African Lingua Francas. BRILL. ISBN 3-8039-0033-6.Kahane, Henry Romanos (1958). The Lingua Franca in the Levant.Melatti, Julio Cezar (1983). Índios do Brasil(48 ed.). São Paulo: Hucitec Press."Lingua franca del Mediterraneo o Sabir of professor Francesco Bruni" (in Italian). Archived from the originalon 28 March 2009."Sample texts". Archived from the original on 9 April 2009. from Juan del Encina, Le Bourgeois Gentilhomme, Carlo Goldoni's L'Impresario da Smyrna, Diego de Haedo and other sources"An introduction to the original Mediterranean Lingua Franca". Archived from the originalon 8 April 2010.France ( /ˈfræns/ (help·info) or /ˈfrɑːns/; French pronunciation: [fʁɑ̃s] ), officially the French Republic (French: République française, French pronunciation: [ʁepyblik fʁɑ̃sɛz] ), is a country in Western Europe. It also includes various departments and territories of France overseas.
- 93.0% French citizens, 7.0% foreign nationals
A lingua franca (originally Italian for "Frankish language" - see etymology below) is a language that is used between persons who do not have the same mother tongue. [1] The terms working language, bridge language and vehicular language are used in the same sense.
Franca is a municipality in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. The city is located in the northeastern portion of the state, distant 401 km (249 mi) from the state capital ( São Paulo ), and 676 km (420 mi) from Brasilia .
The most utilized modern example is English, which is the current dominant lingua franca of international diplomacy, business, science, technology and aviation, but many other languages serve, or have served at different historical periods, as lingua francas in particular regions, countries, or in special contexts.