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Irish orthography is the set of conventions used to write Irish. A spelling reform in the mid-20th century led to An Caighdeán Oifigiúil, the modern standard written form used by the Government of Ireland, which regulates both spelling and grammar.
Indonesian orthography refers to the official spelling system used in the Indonesian language. The current system uses the Latin alphabet and is called Ejaan Bahasa Indonesia yang Disempurnakan (EYD), commonly translated as Enhanced Spelling, Perfected Spelling or Improved Spelling.
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What is English orthography?
English orthography is the writing system used to represent spoken English, allowing readers to connect the graphemes to sound and to meaning. It includes English's norms of spelling, hyphenation, capitalisation, word breaks, emphasis, and punctuation.
SpellingSpellingMajor Value ( Ipa)ain closed syllables before multiple .../æ/afollowed by 2+ unstressed syllables next .../æ/abefore final ⟨r⟩ or ⟨r⟩ + cons. open .../ɑː/ain open syllables or before cons. + ⟨e⟩ .../eɪ/Especially common is the symbol for agus (and): In modern writings, this is replaced by a 7 (e.g. 7rl. = agus araile = and so on). Still common is .i. the sign for id est, in English i.e.. Written out it would be in Irish: eadhon = es (is) (an emphatic form of ea)
Valera approved of these recommendations and Wigger, Arndt, 1979: "Irish Dialect Phonology and passed them to Tomas Page of the Oireachtas Problems of Irish Orthography", Occasional Papers in Translation Staff and that they were ultimately Linguistics to and Language Learning, No. 6 Papers in Celtic form the basis of Official Standard Irish.
Old Irish, also called Old Gaelic [1] [2] [3] ( Old Irish: Goídelc, Ogham script: ᚌᚑᚔᚇᚓᚂᚉ; Irish: Sean-Ghaeilge; Scottish Gaelic: Seann-Ghàidhlig; Manx: Shenn Yernish or Shenn Ghaelg ), is the oldest form of the Goidelic/Gaelic language for which there are extensive written texts. It was used from c. 600 to c. 900.
