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The Judiciary Act of 1789 (ch. 20, 1 Stat. 73) was a United States federal statute enacted on September 24, 1789, during the first session of the First United States Congress. It established the federal judiciary of the United States.
- An Act to establish the Judicial Courts of the United States
- the 1st United States Congress
- establishment of the federal judiciary
Judiciary Act of 1789, act establishing the organization of the U.S. federal court system, which had been sketched only in general terms in the U.S. Constitution. The act established a three-part judiciary—made up of district courts, circuit courts, and the Supreme Court—and outlined the structure.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
Learn about the first act of the First Congress to establish a Federal court system in the United States, signed by President Washington on September 24, 1789. The act defined the jurisdiction, organization, and structure of the Supreme Court and the district and circuit courts, and set the precedence of the justices.
Dec 13, 2023 · The Judiciary Act of 1789 established the Supreme Court as the highest court in the nation. It outlined the composition of the court, which included one chief judge and five associate judges — called Justices. It also established that all decisions made by the Supreme Court would be final.
- Randal Rust
The Judiciary Act of 1789 is the federal act which established the lower federal courts and other functions of the federal judiciary . Article III of the Constitution provides that “judicial power of the United States, shall be vested in one Supreme Court, and such inferior courts” as Congress sees fit to establish.
May 20, 2021 · Introduction. The Judiciary Act of 1789, officially titled "An Act to Establish the Judicial Courts of the United States," was signed into law by President George Washington on September 24, 1789. Article III of the Constitution established a Supreme Court, but left to Congress the authority to create lower federal courts as needed.
In enacting the Judiciary Act of 1789, Congress explicitly provided for the exercise of the power, 5. and in other legislative debates questions of constitutionality and of judicial review were prominent. 6. Early Supreme Court Justices seem to have assumed the existence of judicial review. 7.
