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Geography of Latvia; Continent: Europe: Region: Northern Europe: Coordinates: Area • Total: 64,559 km 2 (24,926 sq mi) • Land: 96.38% • Water: 3.62%: Coastline: 498 km (309 mi) Borders: Total land borders: 1,382 km (859 mi) Highest point: Gaizinkalns 312 m (1,024 ft) Lowest point: Baltic Sea
It borders Russia to the east, Belarus to the southeast, and shares a maritime border with Sweden to the west. Latvia covers an area of 64,589 km 2 (24,938 sq mi), with a population of 1.9 million. The country has a temperate seasonal climate. Its capital and largest city is Riga.
The history of Latvia began around 9000 BC with the end of the last glacial period in northern Europe. Ancient Baltic peoples arrived in the area during the second millennium BC, and four distinct tribal realms in Latvia 's territory were identifiable towards the end of the first millennium AD.
