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' Father of Conquests '), was the fourth Mamluk sultan of Egypt and Syria, of Turkic Kipchak origin, in the Bahri dynasty, succeeding Qutuz. He was one of the commanders of the Egyptian forces that inflicted a defeat on the Seventh Crusade of King Louis IX of France .
- 24 October 1260 – 1 July 1277
- Saif ad-Din Qutuz
- 1260 at Salihiyah
- Al-Said Barakah
sultan (1260-1277), Egypt. House / Dynasty: Mamlūk. Role In: Battle of ʿAyn Jālūt. Baybars I (born 1223, north of the Black Sea—died July 1, 1277, Damascus, Syria) was the most eminent of the Mamlūk sultans of Egypt and Syria, which he ruled from 1260 to 1277. He is noted both for his military campaigns against Mongols and crusaders and ...
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Baibars, one of the leaders at the battle, became the new Sultan after the assassination of Sultan Qutuz on the way home. In 1250 Baibars was one of the Mamluk commanders who defended Mansurah against the Crusade knights of Louis IX of France, who was later definitely defeated, captured in the Battle of Fariskur and ransomed.
The sultan placed Baybars in the elite Mamluk training school located on an island in the Nile River. After several years of hard and thorough drills, Baybars was put into the Bahriyya Mamluks, the regiment that served the sultan.
1223–1277. Mamluk sultan. Sources. Mongol Menace . Al-Zahir Baybars, or Baybars I, (reigned 1260–1277) was the most prominent of Mamluk Sultans and the real founder of the Mamluk state. He was born in 1223 when the Mongols were attacking central Asia in their westward drive.
He is credited with first organizing the Mamluks into a system of governance and is considered the first sultan of the Bahri Mamluks (see entry). Baybars organized Egyptian bureaucracy hierarchically, creating three different types of amir (officials and bureaucrats).
Carl F. Petry. Chapter. Get access. Cite. Summary. Two conditions favoured the emergence of the Baḥrī Mamlūk Sultanate: the evolved state of the mamluk institution in the thirteenth century, and the nascent political hegemony of Egypt in the region and its vital role in a global trade system.
