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Official development assistance – definition and coverage. The DAC has measured resource flows to developing countries since 1961. Special attention has been given to the official and concessional part of this flow, defined as “official development assistance” (ODA). The DAC first defined ODA in 1969, and tightened the definition in 1972.
Defining Middle Class. Global Middle Class defined as households with daily expenditures between US$ 10 and US$ 100 per person. The lower bound is chosen with reference to the average poverty line in Portugal and Italy. The upper bound is chosen as twice the median income of Luxemburg. Thus, the global middle class excludes those who are ...
The OECD regional typology incorporates some of the criteria used by individual OECD countries to define regions (e.g. mixed, different types of rural regions, cohesion), but it aims to develop a comparable definition for the purpose of analysis and therefore applies the same criteria across all OECD countries.
The OECD harmonised national Input-Output Tables take the industry × industry approach. This allows better integration with collections of statistics compiled according to industrial activity such as R&D expenditure, employment, foreign direct investment and energy consumption. The OECD IOTs database is a very useful empirical tool for ...
Nov 30, 2023 · In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, MENA economies are implementing reforms to build a resilient and more inclusive economic model to improve growth, governance structures, diversification, employment, private sector development and integrity. The MENA-OECD Initiative on Governance and Competitiveness for Development, initiated and led by the ...
The framework broadens the definition of literacy to make it relevant to the information age, in particular, by including the skills of reading in digital environments. In PIAAC, “Literacy is the ability to identify, understand, interpret, create, communicate and compute, using printed and written materials associated with varying contexts.
This definition is applied to 34 OECD countries and identifies over 1,100 functional urban areas of different sizes and that can extend across administrative boundaries. The 649 metropolitan areas refer to the functional urban areas with population above 250 000.
