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Old Irish is the ancestor of all modern Goidelic languages: Modern Irish, Scottish Gaelic and Manx. A still older form of Irish is known as Primitive Irish. Fragments of Primitive Irish, mainly personal names, are known from inscriptions on stone written in the Ogham alphabet.
People spoke Old Irish in Ireland, before the year 1000 AD. [1] Old Irish was a Goidelic language, and modern Goidelic languages like Irish and Scots Gaelic came from it. [1] People speaking Insular Celtic languages probably first came to Ireland at the start of the Iron Age, about 500 BC. [2]
Phonological history of Old Irish. Old Irish was affected by a series of phonological changes that radically altered its appearance compared with Proto-Celtic and older Celtic languages (such as Gaulish, which still had the appearance of typical early Indo-European languages such as Latin or Ancient Greek).
Old Irish was the first written vernacular language north of the Alps, and it first appeared in the margins of Latin manuscripts as early as the 6th century. [8] [9] [10] Old Irish can be divided into two periods: Early Old Irish, also called Archaic Irish (c. 7th century), and Old Irish (8th–9th century). [11]
Introduction to Old Irish. Compert Con Culainn 'The Conception of Cu Chulainn', part of the Ulster Cycle. Táin Bó Regamna 'The Cattle Raid of the Important Calf', also part of the Ulster Cycle. Táin Bó Regamna (continued)
Online resources. eDIL: A dictionary for Old and Middle Irish. Videos about the basics of Old Irish by Aaron Griffith and David Stifter. Old Irish Online at the University of Texas at Austin: a freely available online lessons of Old Irish among other early Indo-European language lessons there.
Old Irish, or Sengoídelc, is the language that was spoken in Ireland from around the seventh to the tenth centuries C.E. This language evolved out of an earlier form of Irish which is most commonly called Primitive Irish, or Gaeilge Ársa.
