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Jan 8, 2024 · A common example in psychology are studies that rely on undergraduate psychology students. These samples are generally non-random in two respects: firstly, reliance on undergraduate psychology students automatically means that your data are restricted to a single sub-population.
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Populations are used when your research questionrequires, or when you have access to, data from every member of the population. Usually, it is only straightforward to collect data from a whole population when it is small, accessible and cooperative. For larger and more dispersed populations, it is often difficult or impossible to collect data from ...
When your population is large in size, geographically dispersed, or difficult to contact, it’s necessary to use a sample. With statistical analysis, you can use sample data to make estimates or test hypothesesabout population data. Ideally, a sample should be randomly selected and representative of the population. Using probability sampling methods...
When you collect data from a population or a sample, there are various measurements and numbers you can calculate from the data. A parameter is a measure that describes the whole population. A statisticis a measure that describes the sample. You can use estimation or hypothesis testingto estimate how likely it is that a sample statistic differs fro...
If you want to know more about statistics, methodology, or research bias, make sure to check out some of our other articles with explanations and examples.
TARGET POPULATION. Any inferences from a sample refer only to the defined population from which the sample has been properly selected. We may call this the target population.
- Amitav Banerjee, Suprakash Chaudhury
- 2010
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- The Purpose of Sampling. We are interested in learning about large groups of people with something in common in psychological research. We call the group interested in studying our “target population.”
- Random Sampling. Random sampling is a type of probability sampling where everyone in the entire target population has an equal chance of being selected.
- Stratified Sampling. During stratified sampling, the researcher identifies the different types of people that make up the target population and works out the proportions needed for the sample to be representative.
- Opportunity Sampling. Opportunity sampling is a method in which participants are chosen based on their ease of availability and proximity to the researcher, rather than using random or systematic criteria.
Nov 18, 2023 · In statistics, a sample is a subset of a population that is used to represent the entire group as a whole. When doing psychology research, it is often impractical to survey every member of a particular population because the number of people is simply too large.
