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While the Weimar Republic (1919–1933) and Finland (from 1919 to 2000) exemplified early semi-presidential systems, the term "semi-presidential" was first introduced in 1959 in an article by journalist Hubert Beuve-Méry, and popularized by a 1978 work written by political scientist Maurice Duverger, both of whom intended to describe the ...
Figure 10.11 Based on Freedom House criteria, countries with parliamentary systems tend to have similar—and high—freedom scores, while the scores for countries with presidential and semi-presidential systems are more broadly distributed. N indicates the number of countries of each regime type; each dot represents one country.
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Mar 27, 2019 · Semi-Presidentialism: Sub-Types and Democratic Performance. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011. This study is one of the more extensive cross-country examinations of political outcomes in premier-presidential and president-parliamentary regimes. In line with theoretical expectations, Elgie’s findings confirm that president-parliamentary ...
Basically, in semi-presidential regimes power is divided between the prime minister and the president, with both executives having political power. Typically, each executive’s respective powers are clearly defined, but that is not always the case. As in presidential regimes, in semi-presidential regimes the people directly elect the president.
v. t. e. A presidential system, or single executive system, is a form of government in which a head of government, typically with the title of president, leads an executive branch that is separate from the legislative branch in systems that use separation of powers. This head of government is in most cases also the head of state.
Abstract. In contrast to the work on presidentialism and parliamentarism, semi-presidentialism remains very much the poor relation in the debate about regime types. This is true both in the sense that there is less work on semi-presidential regimes and also because of the fact that semi-presidentialism has few advocates.
Dec 15, 2020 · First, there is little agreement as to the definition of a semi-presidential regime and the characteristics that such a regime needs to exhibit to be identified as such. Second, semi-presidential regimes may have spread far and wide around the world, but the assessment of semi-presidentialism has come late and its results have been mixed.
