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In the Kipchak steppe, a com­plex eth­nic as­sim­i­la­tion and con­sol­i­da­tion process took place be­tween the 11th and 13th centuries. The west­ern Kipchak tribes ab­sorbed peo­ple of Oghuz, Pech­eneg, an­cient Bashkir, Bul­gar and other ori­gin; the east­ern Kipchak merged with the Oghuz-Kimek, Kar­luk, Kara-Khi­tai and oth­ers. They were all i...

The Kipchaks ap­pear in the 8th-cen­tury Moyun Chur in­scrip­tion as Türk-Qïbchaq, men­tioned as hav­ing been part of the Tur­kic Kha­ganate for fifty years. It is un­clear if the Kipchaks could be iden­ti­fied as the Chueh-Yueh Shih (厥越失; pinyin: juéyuèshī) in Chi­nese sources or, ac­cord­ing to Klyash­torny, the Syr in the Ork­hon in­scrip­tions ...

The Kipchak–Cuman con­fed­er­a­tion spoke a Tur­kic lan­guage.Mon­go­lian ethno-lin­guis­tic el­e­ments in the Kipchak–Kimek re­main unproven. Kipchaks and Cumans spoke a Tur­kic lan­guage (Kipchak lan­guage, Cuman lan­guage) whose most im­por­tant sur­viv­ing record is the Codex Cuman­i­cus, a late 13th-cen­tury dic­tio­nary of words in Kipchak, C...

The Kipchaks prac­ticed Shaman­ism. Mus­lim con­ver­sion oc­curred near Is­lamic centres.Some Kipchaks and Cumans were known to have con­verted to Chris­tian­ity around the 11th cen­tury, at the sug­ges­tion of the Geor­gians, as they al­lied in their con­flicts against the Mus­lims. A great num­ber were bap­tized at the re­quest of Geor­gian King ...

Kimek

The con­fed­er­a­tion or tribal union which Kipchaks en­tered in the 8th- or be­gin­ning of 9th cen­tury as one of seven orig­i­nal tribes is known in his­to­ri­og­ra­phy as that of the Kimek (or Kimäk). Tur­kic in­scrip­tions do not men­tion the state with that name. 10th-cen­tury Hudud al-'Alam men­tions the "coun­try of Kīmāk", ruled by a kha­gan (king) who has eleven lieu­tenants that hold hered­i­tary fiefs. Fur­ther­more, Andar Az Khifchāq is men­tioned as a coun­try (nāḥiyat) of the Kī...

Kipchak peoples and languages

The mod­ern North­west­ern branch of the Tur­kic lan­guage is often re­ferred to as the Kipchak branch. The lan­guages in this branch are mostly con­sid­ered to be de­scen­dants of the Kipchak lan­guage, and the peo­ple who speak them may like­wise be re­ferred to as Kipchak peo­ples. Some of the groups tra­di­tion­ally in­cluded are the Karachays, Siber­ian Tatars, No­gays, Bashkirs, Kaza­khs, Kyr­gyz, Volga Tatars, and Crimean Tatars. There is also a vil­lage named Kipchak in Crimea. Kyp­sh...