The economy of Indonesia is the largest in Southeast Asia and is one of the emerging market economies. As a middle-income country and member of the G20, Indonesia is classified as a newly industrialized country. It is the 17th largest economy in the world by nominal GDP and the 7th largest in terms of GDP (PPP).
- Indonesian Rupiah
Indonesia, which had massive foreign reserves and was seen...
- Newly Industrialized Country
The category of newly industrialized country (NIC), newly...
- Indonesian Rupiah
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19th Century
In 1831, the natives living in the village of Kuala Batee (located on the island of Sumatra, then part of the Dutch East Indies) massacred the crew of a U.S. merchant ship. This led to the punitive First Sumatran Expedition, a during which U.S. and Dutch troops raided the settlement. The U.S. Navy returned to Sumatra during the Second Sumatran Expedition, launched in response to an attack on another U.S. merchant ship by Malay pirates.
1949–1975
Much to the annoyance of the Dutch, the United States played a major role in demanding Indonesian independence in the late 1940s. The Cold Warplayed a critical role as the Indonesian Republic conclusively demonstrated its willingness and ability to suppress internal communist threats, as directed by the Comintern. U.S. policy since the 1940s has been to support Indonesia and help it avoid communism and was the primary provider of armaments. After Japan, Indonesia was the largest pro-U.S. nati...
East Timor crisis: 1975–2002
The victory of left-wing Fretilin in a civil war in East Timor caused alarm in Indonesia, which feared a hostile left-wing base that would promote secessionist movements within Indonesia. Anti-Fretilin activists from the other main parties fled to West Timor, a part of Indonesia, and called upon Jakarta to annex the former Portuguese colony. On December 6, 1975, Ford and Kissinger met Indonesian President Suharto in Jakarta and indicated the U.S. would not take a position on East Timor. Indon...
The United States has significant economic, commercial, and security interests in Indonesia. It remains a linchpin of regional security due to its strategic location astride several vital international maritime straits, particularly the Malacca Strait. Relations between Indonesia and the U.S. are generally positive and have advanced since the elect...
The U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) and its predecessors have provided development assistance to Indonesia since 1950. Initial assistance focused on the most urgent needs of the new republic, including food aid, infrastructure rehabilitation, health care, and training. For thirty years, between 1967 and 2007, U.S. aid to Indonesia...
The U.S. embassy in Indonesia is located in Jakarta. There are U.S. consulate generals in Surabaya (principal officer: Caryn R. McClelland) and Medan (principal officer: Sean Stein). There is a U.S. consular agency in Denpasar. The Indonesian embassy in the U.S. is located in Washington D.C., with consulate generals in New York, San Francisco, Los ...
In 2010, the United States lifted a ban on military contacts with Kopassus, an Indonesian special operations forcesinvolved with human rights abuses in the 1990s. In January 2018 visit to Jakarta, Secretary of Defense James Mattis stated that Indonesia was a maritime fulcrum in the Asia-Pacific region, and wanted Indonesia and the U.S. to cooperate...
This article incorporates public domain material from U.S. Bilateral Relations Fact Sheets. United States Department of State.
Bootsma, N. "The Discovery of Indonesia: Western (non-Dutch) Historiography on the Decolonization of Indonesia." in Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land-en Volkenkunde 1ste Afl (1995): 1-22. online in EnglishFreise, Christopher. "American grand strategy and US foreign policy towards Indonesia" (PhD. Diss. U of Melbourne 2017) onlinebibliography on pp. 253–269.Hamilton-Hart, Natasha, and Dave McRae. "Indonesia: balancing the United States and China, aiming for independence." (United States Studies Centre at the University of Sydney, 2015) online.Jones, Matthew. Conflict and Confrontation in South East Asia, 1961–1965: Britain, the United States, Indonesia and the Creation of Malaysia(Cambridge UP, 2001).Embassy of Indonesia in Washington DC, United States Archived 2021-08-16 at the Wayback MachineIndonesia – US Economic Relations from the Dean Peter Krogh Foreign Affairs Digital ArchivesApr 19, 2022 · Indonesia, the largest economy in Southeast Asia, has enjoyed steady economic growth over the past decade, averaging between 5-6 percent with moderate inflation, rising foreign direct investment, and relatively low interest rates, although the COVID-19 pandemic caused the economy to contract by about 2 percent in 2020.
Since 2009, U.S. exports of goods to Indonesia have increased from $5.1 billion to $7.4 billion in 2011, and imports of goods have increased from $12.9 billion to $19.1 billion. United States foreign direct investment (FDI) in Indonesia expanded to $1.5 billion in 2011, making the United States the third largest contributor.
Indonesia has played a modest role in the world economy since the mid-20th century, and its importance has been considerably less than its size, resources, and geographic position would seem to warrant. The country is a major exporter of crude petroleum and natural gas.
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