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Jan 13, 2015 · “Irrumator” – Bastard. “Bovis stercus” – Bull sh*t. “Lupa” – Slut. “Leno” – Pimp. BASIC SAYINGS: filius canis” – son of a b**ch (literally ‘son of a dog’) “futuere” – get f**ked. “futue te ipsi” – f**k you. “ede faecam” – eat sh*t. “Flocci non faccio” – I don’t give a damn. “Stercus accidit” – Sh*t happens. SWEAR WORDS & INSULTS:
- Learning to Be Emperor
- The Term “Vulgar Latin”
- How Was Vulgar Latin pronounced?
- Vulgar Latin Vocabulary
- Vulgar Latin Grammar
- Toward The Romance Languages
- Conclusion
- Literature
Early in 101 AD, the young Hadrian, a favourite of Emperor Trajan, had just been appointed quaestor. One of his duties was to convey the emperor’s decisions to the senate and recite his speeches in his absence. Without a doubt, Hadrian had prepared well, sitting at his desk or roaming about the room reading the speech time and again....
Before we begin in earnest to explore what kind of mistakes Hadrian could have made, it should be mentioned that the term Vulgar Latin is not without its critics. The Blackwell History of the Latin Language (p. 231) states that the idea of Vulgar Latin as a common tongue for the lower classes is “discredited among linguists but st...
Before we delve deeper into any vulgar traits, one question is especially important to consider:How can we know how Latin was pronounced? Besides the Latin alphabet itself, which was created on the basis of the spoken language, the primary sources are literary references, loanwords and spelling mistakes (in graffiti and insc...
We’ve delved into the pronunciation of Hadrian’s times, but there are more aspects of Vulgar Latin that are important for understanding its development. For instance: How was Vulgar Latin vocabulary different from that of Classical Latin? A feature that can be traced back to republican Latin is the use of diminutives in collo...
As we have seen, the cases were slowly disappearing in the development of Vulgar Latin. They were often replaced by prepositional phrases or simply disappeared (like the vocative). 1. Genitive regis (‘of the king’) was often substituted by “de rege.” 2. Dative regi (‘for/to the king’) could be given as “ad rege(m).” 3. Pure ab...
The gap between literary and non-elite Latin widened during Late Antiquity. Certainly, sound changes that started out as vulgar were often adopted by the elite later on, but the situation was slightly different for grammar and vocabulary. Reading some of the best 4th century AD writers, one could hardly guess how much had h...
Variation in everyday speech has always been so great that any boundary in time or description we give of it—nay, even the definitions themselves—will without doubt be simplifications. Nevertheless, they can help us in understanding the broader strokes of the language. Vulgar Latin gives us insight both into what it is not, i....
The Vulgar Latin traits that I’ve addressed here are just a selection. Assuredly, a whole book would be needed to describe all the differences between Vulgar and Classical Latin and the development of the Romance languages. Luckily enough, there has been much written on these subjects. An accessible catalogue of Vulgar Latin tr...
For example, French jeudi ("Thursday") < Old French juesdi < Vulgar Latin "jovis diēs"; Spanish es menester ("it is necessary") < "est ministeri"; and Italian terremoto ("earthquake") < "terrae motu" as well as names like Paoli, Pieri.
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Vulgar Latin, spoken form of non-Classical Latin from which originated the Romance group of languages. Later Latin (from the 3rd century ce onward) is often called Vulgar Latin—a confusing term in that it can designate the popular Latin of all periods and is sometimes also used for so-called.
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Aug 1, 2019 · Vulgar Latin was a simpler form of literary Latin. It dropped terminal letters and syllables (or they metathesized). It decreased the use of inflections since prepositions (ad (> à) and de) came to serve in place of case endings on nouns. Colorful or slang (what we think of as 'vulgar') terms replaced traditional ones— testa meaning 'jar ...
Mar 26, 2023 · As Vulgar Latin developed, the case system largely disappeared, often replaced with prepositional phrases. For example, in Classical Latin, the phrase "of the king" is written in the...
Dec 20, 2023 · Vulgar Latin was the everyday form of Latin that was spoken by the common people (the vulgus) of the Roman Empire. It was the language of soldiers, merchants, farmers, workers, rather than the language of scribes, poets, historians and politicians.
