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  1. In this paper we expand the analysis in Hickey and Stenson (2011) and explore the interaction between regularity and other aspects of the orthographic system that contribute to opacity in Irish orthography and the attendant difficulties that learners of Irish face in processing the written language.

    • Tina M Hickey
  2. The traditional Irish alphabet carved in Gaelic type on a building in Dublin, with each type of diacritic (síneadh fada and ponc séimhithe) as well as the Tironian et. The traditional Irish alphabet (aibítir) consists of 18 letters: a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, l, m, n, o, p, r, s, t, u .

    • 1. The Representation of Consonants
    • Caitr ́ıona bu ́ıdeach
    • 2. The Surface Realization Of Palatalized Vs. Nonpalatalized Consonants
    • 4. The Surface Realization of Lenited Consonants
    • 5. The Representation of Vowels

    Irish consonants occur in pairs of palatalized (slender) vs. nonpalatalized (broad). The only exception to this generalization is /h/, which has no palatalized counterpart. In the orthography, both palatalized and nonpalatalized consonants are represented via the consonant symbols shown below: iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii Bilabia...

    /k∂t’r’i:n∂/ /bi:d’ax/ and o are diacritic and e are diacritic

    Palatalized consonants are pronounced in the way one might expect, except that palatalized s is [∫] and palatalized bh/mh is /v’/. In general, palatalization is more audible before back vowels. Nonpalatalized consonants also display secondary features of articulation. Nonpalatalized labials are labialized before a front vowel. Nonpalatalized dental...

    Though the list above gives the basic pronunciation of lenited consonants, there are a few curiosities worth noting. Before the liquids r and l, the lenited forms bh and mh are realized as the voiced bilabial fricative /β/. Similarly, before r and l, dh and gh are realized as a voiced palatal fricative (which can be characterized impressionisticall...

    The vowel inventory contains five long vowels, the corresponding five short vowels, plus schwa (/∂/). There are also two diphtongs and a triphthong. In the orthography, vowel length is marked by the acute accent. The chart below gives a rough summary of how vowels other than /∂/ are represented: iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii c c Short c Fro...

  3. Presently there are three main dialects in the Irish language: Munster (An Mhumháin ), Connnacht (Connachta) also Ulster (Ulaidh) The Munster dialect is spoken mainly in Kerry (Ciarraí) & Muskerry (Múscraí) in the western part of Cork (Contae Chorcai) Connacht dialect is spoken mainly in Connamara (Conamara), the Aran Islands (Oiléain ...

  4. Jul 26, 2016 · This article presents an analysis of Irish orthography, based on the most frequent words in a corpus of children’s literature in Irish.

  5. we are faced with two dialects of English and in one dialect the words bold, old, cold etc., are pronounced with a long o, i.e. b61d, 61d, cdld etc., and in the other dialect they are pronounced with an au, i.e. bauld, auld, cauld etc. Supposing again the dialect which had b6ld, did, c61d etc. had not dominated and we

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  7. Mar 1, 2011 · Chapters 2 and 3 explore teachers' experience of teaching reading in Irish, and the importance of explicitly teaching beginners how to decode Irish orthography.

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