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Feb 18, 2024 · Key Takeaways: Plaster of Paris is a gypsum-based casting material used for sculpting and creating orthopedic casts. Its ability to harden quickly when mixed with water makes it ideal for various art and craft projects. Plaster of Paris has a long history of use in construction, art, and medicine.
In medieval and Renaissance times, gesso (usually made of plaster of paris mixed with glue) was applied to wood panels, plaster, stone, or canvas to provide the ground for tempera and oil painting. Plaster of paris is prepared by heating calcium sulfate dihydrate , or gypsum , to 120–180 °C (248–356 °F).
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
Title: Louis Pasteur. Artist: Paul Dubois (French, Nogent-sur-Seine 1829–1905 Paris) Date: 19th century. Culture: French. Medium: Plaster. Dimensions: No dimensions recorded. Classification: Sculpture-Reproductions-Casts. Credit Line: Gift of Mme Paul Dubois, 1906. Accession Number: 07.95.3.
The replicas constituted an early canon of what were considered masterworks of the ancient Greek and Roman world. The latter formed the basis for the establishment the royal or courtly academies of arts, the first of which were several precursors of the later Académie des Beaux-Arts founded in Paris in the second half of the 17th century.
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For the purposes of this essay, ‘plasterwork’ will be taken to include both plaster and stucco work and will focus on the role internal decorative plasterwork played in the evolution of the Great House. Thus, this essay will not discuss the modern definition of ‘pargetting’ or other external uses of decorative plasterwork.
Colored drawings of animals, dating from about 30,000 to 10,000 B.C., have been found on the walls of caves in southern France and in Spain. Many of these drawings are amazingly well preserved because the caves were sealed up for many centuries. Early people drew the wild animals that they saw all around them.
Plaster of Paris obtained its named because it was primarily prepared from Gypsum quarried in the Montmartre district of Paris. Gypsum, calcium sulfate dihydrate, is roasted or calcined at temperatures below 250C to drive off some of the water of crystallization.
