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  1. Facts. In January 2008, Citizens United released a film called “Hillary: The Movie,” a documentary arguing that Senator Hillary Clinton was an unsuitable candidate for President. Citizens United released this documentary in theaters and on DVD, but wished to also make the film through video-on-demand on cable and to promote the film with ...

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    At the highest levels, the changes appear quite modest. Following a surge in spending in congressional elections in 2010 (perhaps reflecting the Republican wave in that cycle), there has been no growth at all in the overall amount spent in congressional races when adjusted for inflation. Presidential campaigns are inherently idiosyncratic, but real...

    Spending by House candidates also has declined from a peak of $1.1 billion in 2012 to $970 million in 2016. While these races also are subject to changes based on competitiveness wave elections in 2006 and 2010 and challenges to new party majorities in 2008 and 2012, for instance there is no denying the flattening of the growth curve after Citize...

    Parties are more complicated because of the impact of presidential campaigns on fundraising, but overall a similar pattern appears. Spending by Republican Party organizations has been little changed since 2004. And while there was an increase for Democrats in 2016, growth in spending has been modest for them as well, with no obvious acceleration af...

    The other traditional participants in financing federal campaigns are political action committees (PACs). These voluntary organizations have been a significant source of direct contributions, especially to congressional campaigns, for nearly 40 years. In 2016, more than one out of every five dollars spent in connection with presidential and congres...

    The following chart shows the growing influence of outside spending relative to overall federal campaign spending (outlined in the first chart).

    At a time when Donald Trump and Bernie Sanders were confirming that large numbers of people donating small amounts could fund successful campaigns, the extraordinary role being played by the very few donors who give the most may be the most important element in this new era.

  2. Citizens United: The Aftermath Monica Youn* I. Introduction The Supreme Court‘s recent decision in Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission1 rivals Bush v. Gore for the most aggressive intervention into politics by the Supreme Court in the modern era. Indeed, Bush v. Gore affected only one election; Citizens United will affect every

  3. Jan 26, 2024 · FEC and New Republican PAC (22-5277) January 26, 2024 On January 19, 2024, the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit upheld a district court decision that dismissed a suit brought by End Citizens United PAC (plaintiff) against the Commission and New Republican PAC.

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  5. Nov 2, 2017 · In later years, critics of Citizens United have associated the ruling with super PACs and so-called “dark money.” But super PACs were created through a subsequent 2010 case, SpeechNow.org v. FEC, which may well have succeeded regardless of the Citizens United ruling. And “dark money,” a pejorative term for nonprofit groups that can ...

  6. Feb 22, 2010 · February 22, 2010. On February 17 th, Brennan Center Counsel Monica Youn took part in an NYU Law Forum analyzing the effects of the Citizens United Supreme Court decision on campaign finance reform. The panel, moderated by Vice Dean Barry Friedman of NYU, also included Floyd Abrams, a partner at Cahill Gordon & Reindel and one of the attorneys ...

  7. Apr 12, 2022 · Nick Capodice: Citizens [00:02:30] United were the ones who made one of the most infamous political commercials in history, the racist Willie Horton attack ad in 1988. Archival: Dukakis not only opposes the death penalty, he allowed first degree murderers to have weekend passes from prison. Hannah McCarthy: oh, right.

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