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- By fitting each kingdom’s classes, orders, genera, and some species in a table that filled a double-page spread, Linnaeus introduced the world to his systematic and efficient systems that would change the way we think about the order of nature.
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The system eventually developed into modern Linnaean taxonomy, a hierarchically organized biological classification . After Linnaeus' health declined in the early 1770s, publication of editions of Systema Naturae went in two directions.
- Sweden
- 1735
- Biological classification
- Carl Linnaeus, (Carl von Linné)
3 days ago · Carolus Linnaeus, Swedish naturalist and explorer who was the first to frame principles for defining natural genera and species of organisms and to create a uniform system for naming them (binomial nomenclature). He is also known for Systema Naturae (1735) and Species Plantarum (1753), two seminal works in biology.
- Staffan Müller-Wille
- What is Carolus Linnaeus known for?Swedish naturalist and explorer Carolus Linnaeus was the first to frame principles for defining natural genera and species of organisms and to crea...
- When was Carolus Linnaeus born?Carolus Linnaeus was born on May 23, 1707, in Råshult, Småland, Sweden.
- Where did Carolus Linnaeus study?Carolus Linnaeus’s early interest in botany was channeled by a teacher at Växjö gymnasium, in Kronoberg, southern Sweden. In 1727 Linnaeus began hi...
After making botanical expeditions through Lapland and central Sweden, Linnaeus became convinced that he could organize all of life into a single artificial system, one that would be his first step towards comprehending God’s design in nature. Title page of Linnaeus’ Systema Naturae, courtesy of Biodiversity Library.
Swedish botanist Carolus Linnaeus in Systema Naturae (1735) and further developed by French biologist Jean-Baptiste Lamarck and others. These taxonomists used the underlying morphology, or physical structures of organisms (such as flowers, shells, and bones), to illuminate the relatedness of groups of living things.
Linnaeus continued to revise his Systema Naturae, which grew from a slim pamphlet to a multivolume work, as his concepts were modified and as more and more plant and animal specimens were sent to him from every corner of the globe. (The image at right shows his scientific description of the human species from the ninth edition of Systema Naturae.
Systema naturae was edited 12 times in Linnaeus’ life. As each edition was amended, corrected and augmented, Systema naturae grew in scope and content. For the first 9 editions (1735-1756), Linnaeus’ classification of man remained stable, with the human species divided into four types, or “varieties”, as he called them in Latin.
After such criticism, Linnaeus felt he needed to explain himself more clearly. The 10th edition of Systema Naturae introduced new terms, including Mammalia and Primates, the latter of which would replace Anthropomorpha as well as giving humans the full binomial Homo sapiens.
